Civil Code of the Philippines

## Civil Code of the Philippines (R.A. No. 386)

### Human relations - **Art. 19.** Every person must, in the exercise of his rights and in the performance of his duties, act with justice, give everyone his due, and observe honesty and good faith. - **Art. 20.** Every person who, contrary to law, willfully or negligently causes damage to another, shall indemnify the latter for the same. - **Art. 21.** Any person who willfully causes loss or injury to another in a manner that is contrary to morals, good customs or public policy shall compensate the latter for the damage.

### Obligations and contracts - **Art. 1156.** An obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do or not to do. - **Art. 1158.** Obligations arising from law are not presumed. Only those determined in this Code or in special laws are demandable… - **Art. 1159.** Obligations arising from contracts have the force of law between the contracting parties and should be complied with in good faith. - **Art. 1306.** The contracting parties may establish such stipulations, clauses, terms and conditions as they may deem convenient, provided they are not contrary to law, morals, good customs, public order, or public policy.

### Torts and damages - **Art. 2176.** Whoever by act or omission causes damage to another, there being fault or negligence, is obliged to pay for the damage done. (Quasi-delict) - **Art. 2201.** In cases where exemplary damages are not available, compensation for damages is limited to the natural and probable consequences of the act or omission complained of.