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How Courts Read Ballots: Voter Intent in Philippine Barangay Elections
A one-vote barangay election dispute shows how Philippine courts apply the idem sonans, neighborhood, and written-by-two rules to honor voter intent.
Due Process in Attorney Discipline: Fair Hearings for Legal Professionals
The Supreme Court reminds us that even in lawyer discipline cases, due process and substantial evidence are required before any sanction.
Land Registration: Proving Alienable and Disposable Land in the Philippines
Learn the strict rule on proving alienable and disposable land for registration under the Property Registration Decree, explained in plain language.
Contract to Sell vs. Sale: When Cancellation Is Valid Without Maceda Law
Supreme Court clarifies contract to sell rules, default judgments, and when Maceda Law does not apply to commercial property buyers.
Voluntary Sale vs. Eminent Domain: When Interest on Just Compensation Is Not Due
Supreme Court clarifies that in negotiated sales, landowners cannot claim legal interest absent a stipulation, unlike in expropriation.
Proving Land Is Alienable and Disposable: The Strict Rule After Republic v. Bautista
The Supreme Court clarifies that CENRO certifications alone cannot prove land is alienable and disposable for original registration under the Property Registration Decree.
Contractual Integrity vs. Eminent Domain: The Limits of Interest Claims in Negotiated Land Sales
When the government buys land through a negotiated sale, the deed governs—interest claims not in the contract are barred.
Challenging Final Judgments: The Proper Legal Avenue for Annulment
Learn when a final judgment can be challenged through annulment under Rule 47, and why collateral attacks fail.
Authority to File Suit: When a Missing SPA Defeats Court Jurisdiction
A complaint filed by an attorney-in-fact without a Special Power of Authority is invalid, depriving the court of jurisdiction over the case.
Tax Injunctions and Declaratory Relief: Limits on Court Authority
The Supreme Court clarifies that courts cannot enjoin tax collection and that declaratory relief is not a proper remedy to contest tax assessments.
Drug Case Dismissed: Chain of Custody Rule Protects Against Evidence Tampering
Supreme Court acquits drug suspect because police failed to follow Section 21 chain of custody rules, protecting against evidence planting and tampering.
Chain of Custody Safeguarding Drug Evidence and Protecting Individual Rights
The Supreme Court acquits a drug suspect because police failed to follow Section 21's witness and inventory rules, protecting the accused's rights.
The Indispensable Role of DENR Certification in Land Registration: Highpoint Development Corp. vs. Republic
A CENRO certification alone cannot prove land is alienable and disposable. Learn the strict requirements for original registration of title in the Philippines.
Chain of Custody Safeguarding Rights in Drug Cases
The Supreme Court acquits a drug suspect over police lapses in Section 21 chain of custody, reinforcing the presumption of innocence.
Self-Defense and the Degree of Criminal Liability: Distinguishing Homicide From Murder
A Supreme Court ruling clarifies when a killing is homicide, not murder, and why self-defense must be proven by clear and convincing evidence.
Excise Tax and Denatured Alcohol: Clarifying Exemptions for In-Transit Losses
Supreme Court rules that denatured alcohol lost to evaporation during transit remains exempt from excise tax under the NIRC.
Good Faith and Torrens Titles: Overcoming the Innocent Purchaser Presumption
The Supreme Court explains when a Torrens title holder loses the innocent purchaser presumption and what buyers must prove to keep their property.
Contractor's Solidary Liability and Full Payment Defense in Subcontracting Agreements
When can a contractor be held liable for a subcontractor's unpaid debts? The Supreme Court explains solidary liability and the full payment defense.
Chain of Custody Safeguarding Rights in Drug Cases: People v. Bricero
The Supreme Court acquits a drug suspect due to police lapses in chain of custody, reinforcing rights under Section 21 of RA 9165.
Splitting Causes of Action: When a Landowner Can File Separate Suits for Unpaid Rent and Ejectment
The Supreme Court clarifies that a landowner may file a separate collection suit for unpaid rent that accrued before the tenant’s possession became unlawful, without violating the rule against splitti
Supreme Court Acquits Drug Suspect Over Missing Witnesses in Buy-Bust Operation
SC acquits drug suspect because police failed to secure required witnesses during buy-bust inventory, compromising evidence integrity.
Proving Land Is Alienable and Disposable: Highpoint v. Republic
Land registration applicants must present both a CENRO certification and a certified true copy of the DENR Secretary's land classification.
Rehabilitation or Liquidation: When Corporate Revival Is Not Feasible
A corporation in default may still seek rehabilitation, but a plan built on speculative promises will not pass judicial scrutiny.
Good Faith Under Scrutiny: Proving Innocent Purchase in Land Title Disputes
The presumption of good faith in land purchases is disputable. Learn what the Supreme Court requires to prove innocent purchaser status.