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Chain of Custody Breach in Drug Buy-Bust Leads to Acquittal
When police deviate from Section 21's chain of custody rule without justification, the accused may be acquitted.
Seafarers' Disability Claims: The 240-Day Rule and Premature Filing Explained
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the 240-day rule for seafarer disability assessments, explaining when a claim becomes premature and why timing matters.
Breach of Trust Defining Qualified Rape in Familial Abuse Cases
A Supreme Court ruling clarifies when a father's rape of a minor daughter constitutes qualified rape, carrying the penalty of reclusion perpetua.
Supreme Court Upholds Strict Rules on Certiorari Petitions in Labor Cases
Learn how the Supreme Court enforces strict rules on certiorari petitions and what this means for legal practitioners and clients.
Franchise Disputes and Cooperative Restructuring in Philippine Electrification
Supreme Court clarifies NEA authority over electric cooperative franchises, asset transfers, and why internal restructuring cannot create new cooperatives.
Diminished Liability Distinguishing Homicide From Murder Based ON Proof OF Superior Strength
The Supreme Court explains when the qualifying circumstance of abuse of superior strength applies—and when it does not.
How Philippine Courts Assess Credibility and Consent in Rape Cases
A look at how the Supreme Court evaluates witness credibility, consent, and damages in rape convictions, using People v. Bugna.
Unregistered Real Estate Mortgages: Valid Between Parties Despite Formal Defects
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that defective notarization or registration of a real estate mortgage does not invalidate it between the parties.
Defense of Relatives and Unlawful Aggression in Philippine Criminal Law
The Supreme Court clarifies when defense of relatives justifies a killing and why unlawful aggression is its indispensable requirement.
Cyber Libel Prescribes in One Year: Supreme Court Clarifies RA 10175 and RA 9480
The Supreme Court rules cyber libel prescribes in one year, not 15, and clarifies when the prescriptive period starts running.
Road Right-of-Way Measurement: The 20-Meter Rule from the Highway Centerline
The Supreme Court clarifies that the 20-meter road right-of-way easement under the Public Land Act is measured from the centerline of the highway.
Rape Conviction Affirmed: Credibility of Victim Testimony and the Weakness of Alibi Defense
In People v. Ganaba, the Supreme Court affirmed a rape conviction, stressing that victim testimony can outweigh alibi and denial defenses in criminal cases.
Seafarers' Rights: Establishing Work-Related Illness for Disability Benefits
SC ruling clarifies how seafarers can prove work-related illness for disability benefits, even without company physician assessment.
Maritime Liens vs Preliminary Attachment: Enforcement Rules Under Philippine Law
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a maritime lien suffices and when a writ of preliminary attachment is proper.
Possession vs Ownership: Resolving Land Disputes Through the Proper Legal Action
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when to file unlawful detainer versus accion publiciana, and why bare allegations of tolerance are not enough.
Rape of a Person with Mental Retardation: Consent and the Need for Specific Allegations
The Supreme Court clarifies that carnal knowledge of a mental retardate is rape, but qualifying circumstances must be alleged in the Information.
Certificate of Arrival Is Mandatory in Naturalization Cases, Supreme Court Rules
The Supreme Court denies naturalization for missing a certificate of arrival, a mandatory requirement under the Revised Naturalization Law.
Unlawful Detainer vs Accion Publiciana: When Ejectment Cases Fail
Understand when an ejectment case fails and why accion publiciana is the proper remedy for recovering possession of property.
Land Registration Indefeasibility Hinges on Demonstrable Alienability of Public Land
A CENRO certification alone cannot prove public land is alienable and disposable; applicants must present the DENR Secretary's original classification.
Unlawful Detainer vs. Accion Publiciana: Key Distinctions in Philippine Ejectment Cases
Learn the key differences between unlawful detainer and accion publiciana, and why filing the wrong action can get your case dismissed.
Judges Can Only Solemnize Marriages Within Their Court’s Jurisdiction
A judge who solemnizes a marriage outside his court's territorial jurisdiction violates the Family Code and faces administrative sanctions.
Checkpoint Searches in the Philippines: Balancing Public Safety and Individual Rights
The Supreme Court explains when checkpoint and bus searches are valid under the Constitution, and what makes them reasonable.
Notarial Standards and Valid ID: The 2004 Rules Apply Prospectively, Not Retroactively
A lawyer cannot be disciplined for notarizing a deed using CTCs when the old notarial law, not the 2004 Rules, applied at the time.
Notarial Duty and Identification Validity of Notarization Based on Laws at Time of Execution
Notaries must follow the identification rules in effect when the document is notarized, not later rules. The Supreme Court explains in this administrative case.