法律洞察

Balancing Free Speech and Reputation: When Does an Insult Become Defamation

The Supreme Court explains the line between insult, criticism, and oral defamation in De Leon v. People.

Illegal Dismissal Claims: When Voluntary Resignation and Quitclaims Prevail

Supreme Court ruling on when a resignation and quitclaim are voluntary, and what evidence employees must present to prove illegal dismissal.

Co-Ownership and Unauthorized Sales: Protecting Property Rights in the Philippines

Learn how the Supreme Court handles co-owned property disputes, redemption rights, and unauthorized sales in this Philippine civil law case analysis.

Refusing a Promotion: When It Cannot Be Grounds for Illegal Dismissal

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when refusing a promotion is a valid right, not insubordination, and its effect on illegal dismissal claims.

Can a University Be Bound by Unauthorized Mortgages? Corporate Authority Explained

When can a corporation be bound by an officer's unauthorized acts? The Supreme Court explains in University of Mindanao v. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.

Divisibility of Contractual Obligations and Remedies for Breach in Philippine Sales Contracts

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on divisible vs. indivisible obligations in sales contracts and remedies upon breach.

Judge Suspended for Granting Furloughs Without Hearing and Altering Court Records

Supreme Court suspends judge for granting furloughs without bail hearing and for ordering alterations to a transcript of stenographic notes.

Intent to Kill in Philippine Law: How Courts Prove Homicide and Fix Penalties

Philippine courts explain how intent to kill is proven in homicide cases, and when penalty and damages must be corrected on appeal.

Voluntary Resignation vs Illegal Dismissal: Protecting Overseas Filipino Workers

When is an OFW's resignation voluntary or forced? The Supreme Court clarifies the rules on quitclaims, waivers, and illegal dismissal claims.

Voluntary Resignation vs Illegal Dismissal: Protecting Overseas Filipino Workers' Rights

The Supreme Court clarifies when an OFW's resignation is truly voluntary, and what evidence is needed to prove illegal dismissal.

Reckless Driving and the Duty of Care: What Senit v. People Means for Motorists

The Supreme Court affirms that overtaking another vehicle demands a high degree of care, and explains when trial in absentia is valid.

Circumstantial Evidence and Penalty Rules in Philippine Homicide Convictions

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies penalty imposition, damages, and evidence rules in homicide appeals under Rule 45.

Chain of Custody in Drug Cases: When Broken Links Mean Acquittal

Philippine Supreme Court acquits drug suspect where prosecution failed to prove unbroken chain of custody of seized shabu under RA 9165.

Defining Construction Cost Interest Expenses and Reserved Units in Joint Development Agreements

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies what counts as actual construction cost in joint development agreements, excluding interest expenses from the computation.

When Return-to-Work Orders Clash with Employee Rights: The Philippine Airlines Illegal Dismissal Case

A look at the Supreme Court's ruling on return-to-work orders, backwages, and the limits of reinstatement in illegal dismissal cases.

Mortgage Validity: Restrictions on Property Rights vs Contractual Obligations

Supreme Court rules on whether NHA restrictions on a titled property invalidate a mortgage, and when borrowers can escape contractual obligations.

Arbitrary Penalty Imposition Justification Required FOR Maximum Sentences

Trial courts must justify imposing the maximum penalty within a period; otherwise, the lowest penalty applies, as ruled in Ladines v. People.

Striking A Balance Upholding Club Rules VS Ensuring Procedural Fairness

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when employers may validly dismiss workers for joining an illegal strike and the limits of that power.

Annulment of Judgment: Why Extrinsic Fraud and Due Diligence Matter in Philippine Courts

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when annulment of judgment is available—extrinsic fraud must come from the adverse party, not one's own counsel.

Annulment OF Judgment Extrinsic Fraud AND DUE Diligence IN Legal Proceedings 2

Res Judicata and Finality: When an Unsigned Supreme Court Resolution Binds Only the Parties

Explore how the Supreme Court clarified that unsigned resolutions bind only parties, not the public, and what it means for cyber libel prescription.

Online Psychological Abuse Under RA 9262: When Facebook Posts Become Crimes

The Supreme Court clarifies when Facebook posts constitute psychological abuse under RA 9262 and how ICT use raises penalties.

Proving Negligence in Quasi-Delict Cases: The Supreme Court's Latest Word

The Supreme Court affirms that quasi-delict claims require proof of negligence, proximate cause, and damage, rejecting a Rule 45 factual review.

Biometrics and Ballots: Safeguarding Suffrage Through Voter Validation

The Supreme Court upheld RA 10367's mandatory biometrics validation, ruling it a procedural registration requirement, not an unconstitutional substantive qualification on suffrage.