Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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Accidental Shooting Police Officers Duty AND Criminal Liability IN THE Philippines
When a police officer's gun discharges during an arrest, is it an accident or a crime? The Supreme Court explains the rules on accidental shooting and criminal liability.
Treachery Unproven Conviction Reduced In Shooting Due To Lack Of Evidence Of Planned Attack
Supreme Court ruling explains when treachery applies in shooting cases and why lack of proof of a planned attack reduces criminal liability.
The Sanity Presumption Determining Criminal Liability in the Philippines
Philippine law presumes every person sane. This case explains when insanity can exempt an accused from criminal liability.
Self-Defense vs. Treachery: How Courts Decide Criminal Liability in Assault Cases
Philippine Supreme Court ruling explains when self-defense fails and treachery qualifies a killing as murder, with practical guidance.
Insanity Defense and Proper Penalty for Parricide: People v. Robiños
The Supreme Court explains when insanity excuses criminal liability and why parricide without aggravating circumstances merits reclusion perpetua, not death.
Reclassifying Criminal Liability From Murder TO Homicide Based ON Insufficient Proof OF Treachery AND Premeditation
Revisiting Criminal Liability Distinguishing Homicide From Murder Amidst Claims Of Treachery
The Supreme Court clarifies when treachery and evident premeditation must be proven to elevate homicide to murder.
Treachery and Self-Defense: Defining the Boundaries of Criminal Liability in the Philippines
The Supreme Court clarifies when treachery qualifies killing as murder and when self-defense fails, in People v. Enfectana.
When A Brawl Turns Deadly Reassessing Criminal Liability In Homicide Cases
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when a deadly brawl shifts criminal liability, and the limits of self-defense claims.
Conspiracy and Treachery: How Group Violence Determines Criminal Liability
Learn how Philippine courts apply conspiracy and treachery in group attacks, using a Supreme Court murder case as a guide.
Conspiracy and Criminal Liability: Intent and Participation in Homicide Cases
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy, intent, and participation in homicide—what the Manlansing case teaches about criminal liability.
Reevaluating Criminal Liability When Lack OF Treachery Reduces Murder TO Homicide
Plunder and Conspiracy: Defining the Boundaries of Criminal Liability in Philippine Law
The Supreme Court clarifies how conspiracy works in plunder cases, and why each accused is liable only for acts they committed.
Homicide vs Murder: When Lack of Treachery Evidence Lowers Criminal Liability
When prosecution fails to show how an attack began, treachery cannot qualify a killing as murder. The Supreme Court explains.
Conspiracy and Treachery: Examining Criminal Liability in Joint Offenses
Explore how conspiracy and treachery shape criminal liability in joint offenses under Philippine law, with insights from recent jurisprudence.
Breach of Trust and Estafa: Accountability in Jewelry Sales Agreements
When a jewelry seller fails to remit proceeds or return unsold items, criminal liability for estafa may arise despite payment agreements.
Treachery Defined: Unexpected Assault and Criminal Liability in a Stabbing Incident
The Supreme Court explains treachery as an unexpected, sudden attack that leaves a victim defenseless, affirming a murder conviction.
Religious Ties and Criminal Liability: When Alibi Fails in Murder Cases
Examining conspiracy and accountability in murder, and why alibi and lack of motive cannot overcome positive eyewitness identification.
Voluntary Surrender as a Mitigating Factor: Reassessing Criminal Liability in Philippine Courts
A Supreme Court ruling explains when voluntary surrender mitigates criminal liability and why treachery must be proven, not presumed.
Self Defense AND Conspiracy IN Homicide Analyzing Criminal Liability
Bouncing Checks AND Criminal Liability Strict Enforcement OF BP 22
Self-Defense, Treachery, and Voluntary Surrender: How the Supreme Court Redefined Criminal Liability in Homici
A barangay captain's claim of self-defense fails as the Court clarifies the elements of unlawful aggression and mitigating circumstances in homicide.
Conspiracy and the Absence of Self-Defense: Collective Criminal Liability in Group Attacks
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy, self-defense claims, and collective liability in group attacks resulting in murder.
Mistake of Identity and the Limits of Treachery: Intent in Criminal Liability
The Supreme Court clarifies when mistaken identity negates treachery and how intent shapes murder versus homicide liability in the Philippines.