Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 121144 of 175 articles for equity

Ombudsman's Power to Investigate COA Findings Not a Prerequisite: PAL Officers Case

Supreme Court rules Ombudsman lacks jurisdiction over officers of GOCCs without original charters, like PAL. Learn the limits of Ombudsman power.

Ombudsman Jurisdiction Over GOCCs: The Original Charter Requirement

The Supreme Court limits Ombudsman jurisdiction over GOCCs to those with original charters, not corporations merely acquired by government.

Dismissed Appeal: Why Timely Docket Fee Payment Is Non-Negotiable in Philippine Courts

The Supreme Court affirms that paying appellate docket fees on time is mandatory and jurisdictional—late payment can kill an appeal.

Tax Credit Claims: Time Limits and Exceptions for Advance Payments

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on tax credit claims for advance income tax payments, and when the two-year prescriptive period may not apply.

Injunctions in Ejectment: Balancing Immediate Execution With Equitable Considerations

The Supreme Court clarifies when courts may issue preliminary injunctions despite the immediately executory nature of ejectment judgments.

Buying All Shares Does Not Transfer Corporate Property Ownership: Silverio v. Filipino Business Consultants

Philippine Supreme Court ruling: acquiring controlling shares of a corporation does not give a stockholder ownership or possession of corporate assets.

When Employee Participation Establishes Jurisdiction: Ponce v. NLRC

In Ponce v. NLRC, the Supreme Court ruled that employees who actively participate in an appeal cannot later question the court's jurisdiction.

Mutuality of Contracts: When One-Sided Termination Clauses in Employment Contracts Are Void

The Supreme Court explains when a termination clause that leaves dismissal to one party's sole judgment violates the mutuality principle under Article 1308 of the Civil Code.

Breach of Trust and Employee Dismissal: When Is It Justified in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when employee dismissal for breach of trust is justified, and why procedural rules yield to substantial justice in labor cases.

Corporate Authority and Timely Filing: Navigating Court Procedures in Land Disputes

Supreme Court clarifies rules on corporate authorization and filing deadlines in land dispute appeals.

Freedom to Contract vs Equity: When Government Sales Require Perfected Agreements

Supreme Court rules equity cannot compel a government sale without a perfected contract, applying Civil Code principles.

Breach of Contract: When an Unperfected Sale Defines Liability in Property Agreements

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when an unaccepted offer creates no contract, and how equity cannot override positive law.

Co-Ownership and Good Faith: Property Rights Lessons from Tala Realty vs. Banco Filipino

A Supreme Court ruling on lease contracts, good faith, and the limits of property rights under Philippine law.

Unlawful Detainer vs. Contract Rescission: Supreme Court Clarifies Jurisdictional Limits

The Supreme Court explains when an ejectment case is improper and why contract rescission belongs to the RTC, not the MTC.

Breach of Contract vs Unlawful Detainer: Defining the Proper Forum

When a landowner files ejectment over a breach of a sale agreement, the Supreme Court clarifies which court has jurisdiction.

Sheriff's Dereliction of Duty: When Delayed Execution Erodes Public Trust in Courts

A sheriff who delayed executing writs and failed to file required reports was fined P10,000 for dereliction of duty, underscoring judicial accountability.

Equitable Mortgages Have No Redemption Right in Judicial Foreclosure for Private Mortgagees

In a judicial foreclosure of an equitable mortgage by a private lender, the mortgagor has no right of redemption after confirmation of sale.

Upholding Attorney Accountability Disciplinary Action FOR Neglect OF Duty AND Deceit

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on lawyer discipline for neglect of duty and deceit, emphasizing ethical standards and client protection.

Equity Powers Ensuring Fairness in Contract Rescission Despite Procedural Gaps

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how courts may order deposit of funds during rescission cases to prevent unjust enrichment.

Bill of Lading Value Limits Carrier Liability for Lost Cargo

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how bill of lading value declarations cap a common carrier's liability for lost goods, even when insurance paid more.

Upholding Ejectment: The Finality of Judgments and Timeliness in Appeals

The Supreme Court affirms ejectment, stressing that a late motion for reconsideration fails to stop a judgment from becoming final and executory.

Forgery Claims and Document Production: The Right to Examine Evidence in Court

When can a court deny a motion to examine documents for forgery? The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of judicial discretion.

Piercing the Corporate Veil: When a Bank Isn't Liable for a Foreclosed Firm's Debts

PNB acquired PASUMIL's foreclosed assets but wasn't liable for its debts. The Supreme Court explains when corporate veil piercing applies.

Piercing the Corporate Veil: When Does a Corporation Assume Another's Debt

The Supreme Court clarifies when a corporation may be held liable for another company's debts, and when the corporate veil cannot be pierced.