Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 121144 of 188 articles for jurisdiction

Contract Rescission and RTC Jurisdiction: Lessons from Villena v. Payoyo

When rescinding a contract is the primary remedy, the case belongs in the Regional Trial Court—even if the monetary claim is small.

Reopening Criminal Cases in the Philippines: The Hearing Requirement Under Rule 119

When can a Philippine court reopen a criminal case before judgment? The rules require a hearing—and the Supreme Court has enforced that requirement.

Ejectment Case Jurisdiction in the Philippines: MTC vs RTC After Bejar v. Caluag

Filing an ejectment case in the wrong court risks dismissal. Learn how Bejar v. Caluag clarifies MTC vs RTC jurisdiction.

Can an RTC Annul a DARAB Decision? Jurisdiction in Agrarian Disputes

RTCs generally cannot annul DARAB decisions—they are co-equal bodies. Appeals must go to the Court of Appeals.

Pairing Judge Authority: When Orders Become Void After a Regular Judge Assumes Office

A pairing judge's authority ends when the regular judge assumes office. Orders issued after that are void, as Yujuico v. Quiambao shows.

When a Security Guard Can Validly Receive Summons: The Robinson v. Miralles Doctrine

The Supreme Court ruled that substituted service of summons through a security guard can be valid when a defendant obstructs personal service.

Barangay vs. Homeowners: Who Administers a Multi-Purpose Hall?

The Supreme Court clarifies the division of authority between barangays and homeowners' associations over government-funded facilities in subdivisions.

Quieting Title and Due Process: Notice of Raffle and Voluntary Submission to Jurisdiction

Learn how notice of raffle and voluntary appearance affect jurisdiction in quieting title cases, based on a 2006 Supreme Court ruling.

Ombudsman Jurisdiction Over GOCCs: The Original Charter Requirement

The Supreme Court limits Ombudsman jurisdiction over GOCCs to those with original charters, not corporations merely acquired by government.

Bound by Your Lawyer’s Mistakes? Client Responsibility Under Philippine Law

Philippine courts generally hold clients responsible for their lawyers' negligence. Only gross negligence that deprives a client of due process warrants relief.

Res Judicata in Philippine Land Disputes: Why a Reconstitution Case Doesn't Block Ownership Claims

A title reconstitution case doesn't settle ownership. Learn how res judicata applies in Philippine land disputes and protects your property rights.

Boundary-Hulog Agreements and Employer-Employee Relations: What Drivers Should Know

A boundary-hulog agreement does not automatically erase the employer-employee relationship. Control over the driver remains the key test.

Demolition of Illegal Structures: When a Court Order Is Required in the Philippines

Philippine law generally requires a special court order before a city may demolish existing structures, even those built without permits. Learn the rules.

Certiorari Without Motion for Reconsideration: Exceptions Under Rule 65

Learn when Philippine courts allow a direct petition for certiorari without a prior motion for reconsideration, based on the PAL-PESALA case.

Quasi-Delict Damages and Court Jurisdiction: Filing in the Right Philippine Court

Learn how Philippine courts determine jurisdiction in quasi-delict damage claims, based on the Supreme Court ruling in Iniego v. Purganan.

Can One Co-Owner File an Ejectment Case in the Philippines? Yes, Under Article 487

A single co-owner can file an ejectment suit without the others. The Supreme Court explains how Article 487 of the Civil Code works.

Contractor’s Liens and Privity of Contract: Lessons from Jan-Dec Construction v. FTI

A contractor’s lien under Article 2242 has limits—privity of contract and the right remedy matter. Learn from Jan-Dec Construction v. FTI.

Execution Pending Appeal in the Philippines: When 'Good Reasons' Justify Immediate Judgment Enforcement

Learn when Philippine courts allow execution pending appeal, the 'good reasons' required under Rule 39, and key lessons from Bangkok Bank vs. Lee.

Barangay Jurisdiction in Property Disputes: Residency of the Real Party in Interest Controls

The Supreme Court clarifies that the real party in interest's residency, not the attorney-in-fact's, determines barangay lupon jurisdiction over disputes.

Land Reclassification vs. Conversion: DAR Approval Still Required After CARL

The Supreme Court clarifies that local reclassification of agricultural land does not remove the need for DAR conversion approval under CARL.

Breach of Barangay Settlement: Your Right to Rescind and Sue in Court

When a barangay settlement is breached, Philippine law gives the aggrieved party the right to rescind it and pursue their original claim in court.

Extraterritorial Service of Summons: Due Process for Non-Resident Defendants

Philippine courts must strictly comply with rules on extraterritorial service of summons before declaring non-resident defendants in default.

Service by Publication in the Philippines: Strict Rules for Valid Summons

Learn the strict requirements for valid service of summons by publication in the Philippines, and why procedural lapses can void court judgments.

Clerks of Court as Notaries: Limits on Ex Officio Notarial Powers

Clerks of court are ex officio notaries, but their notarial powers extend only to official duties—not private documents.