Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 217240 of 356 articles for lack of jurisdiction

Invalid Summons in Foreclosure: Protecting Due Process Rights in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court rules on invalid summons in foreclosure, due process, and why quasi in rem actions still require proper service.

Petition for Relief in the Court of Appeals: When Can You Revive a Dismissed Appeal

Philippine Supreme Court explains why the RTC cannot annul a DARAB decision and when the CA can take jurisdiction over a dismissed appeal.

Prescription Periods in Labor Disputes: Why Filing on Time and in the Right Court Matters

A Supreme Court ruling on prescription of money claims in labor cases, and why filing in the wrong court can be fatal.

Can an RTC Annul a DARAB Decision? Jurisdiction in Agrarian Disputes

RTCs generally cannot annul DARAB decisions—they are co-equal bodies. Appeals must go to the Court of Appeals.

Habeas Corpus as a Remedy for Excessive Penalties: Understanding Sentence Reclassification in the Philippines

When can habeas corpus challenge an excessive penalty? The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of sentence reclassification under R.A. 8353.

Finality of Judgments: Why Courts Cannot Revisit Decided Cases

Explore the doctrine of finality of judgments in Philippine law, its rationale, exceptions, and practical implications for litigants.

Navigating Subpoenas: Government Employee Obligations in Ombudsman Investigations

Government employees must comply with Ombudsman subpoenas even if a superior orders otherwise. Learn the rules from this Supreme Court ruling.

When Can a Prosecutor Dismiss Cases Without Ombudsman Approval? Soriano v. Marcelo

The Supreme Court clarifies when city prosecutors may dismiss cases against public officers without Ombudsman approval, and what constitutes grave abuse of discretion.

Docket Fees and Dismissal: Balancing Procedural Rules With Substantial Justice

The Supreme Court affirms that appellate courts may relax procedural rules on briefs to serve substantial justice, not strict technicality.

Void Judgments Protecting Real Parties in Interest in Property Disputes

When a court decides a property case without the true owner, the judgment is void—protecting buyers who were never impleaded.

Faulty Substituted Service of Summons: When Courts Fail to Acquire Jurisdiction

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when substituted service of summons is invalid, and why courts fail to acquire jurisdiction over defendants.

Corporate Asset Purchases and Prior Presidential Approval: DBP v. COA

Explaining the Supreme Court ruling in DBP v. COA on prior presidential approval for government corporate vehicle purchases and disallowance.

Certiorari Limits: When Factual Errors Do Not Justify Supreme Court Intervention

The Supreme Court clarifies that Rule 45 certiorari cannot correct mere factual errors, only grave abuse of discretion.

Judicial Accountability: Good Faith Exception for Erroneous Judgments

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that judges cannot be disciplined for erroneous rulings made in good faith, absent fraud or malice.

Real Estate Foreclosure in the Philippines: Notice Requirements and Due Process

A look at Guanco v. Antolo and why strict notice and posting rules govern extrajudicial foreclosure sales in the Philippines.

Prejudicial Question in Philippine Criminal Procedure: Suspends, Not Dismisses, Criminal Cases

Understand the prejudicial question doctrine in Philippine criminal procedure—how it suspends rather than dismisses criminal cases, with key rules.

Extrinsic Fraud and Indispensable Parties: Protecting Due Process in Civil Actions

When a suit excludes an indispensable party, the judgment may be void. Learn the Rule 47 remedy of annulment for extrinsic fraud.

Ombudsman Jurisdiction Over GOCCs: The Original Charter Requirement

The Supreme Court limits Ombudsman jurisdiction over GOCCs to those with original charters, not corporations merely acquired by government.

Bound by Your Lawyer’s Mistakes? Client Responsibility Under Philippine Law

Philippine courts generally hold clients responsible for their lawyers' negligence. Only gross negligence that deprives a client of due process warrants relief.

Authority to Sign Certification Against Forum Shopping in Corporate Litigation

Who may sign the certification against forum shopping in corporate cases? The Supreme Court clarifies the rules on authority and false certifications.

Unlawful Detainer vs Forcible Entry: Key Differences in Philippine Ejectment Cases

Learn the key differences between unlawful detainer and forcible entry in Philippine ejectment cases, and why the right cause of action matters.

DARAB Jurisdiction Covers Agrarian Disputes Beyond Landlord-Tenant Relationships

Supreme Court clarifies DARAB jurisdiction extends to all agrarian disputes, including joint production agreements under CARP, not just traditional landlord-tenant cases.

Demolition of Illegal Structures: When a Court Order Is Required in the Philippines

Philippine law generally requires a special court order before a city may demolish existing structures, even those built without permits. Learn the rules.

Quasi-Delict Damages and Court Jurisdiction: Filing in the Right Philippine Court

Learn how Philippine courts determine jurisdiction in quasi-delict damage claims, based on the Supreme Court ruling in Iniego v. Purganan.