Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 24732496 of 2,684 articles for conviction

Warranting Precision: Why Describing the Right Place Is Crucial in Search Warrants

The Supreme Court explains why the place to be searched must be described with precision, and the consequences of a vague warrant.

Treachery in Criminal Law: Understanding Sudden Attack in Philippine Murder Cases

The Supreme Court explains treachery in murder cases through a sudden stabbing attack, clarifying the elements and legal consequences.

Final and Executory Judgments: When Can They Be Modified?

Explore the narrow exceptions to the finality of judgments in Philippine law, explained through a Supreme Court ruling.

Lumber vs. Timber: What Illegal Logging Laws Mean for Your Business

The Supreme Court ruled that lumber is timber under Philippine forestry law. Know what documents you need to avoid illegal possession charges.

When Circumstantial Evidence Falls Short Understanding Reasonable Doubt IN Philippine Rape Homicide Cases

The Supreme Court acquits two men convicted of rape-homicide, showing when circumstantial evidence fails to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt.

Eyewitness Testimony in Philippine Courts: Why Credibility Is Key in Murder Convictions

The Supreme Court affirms a murder conviction based on eyewitness testimony, explaining how credibility, alibi, and evident premeditation are evaluated.

Minor Inconsistencies and Witness Credibility in Philippine Rape Cases

How Philippine courts treat minor inconsistencies in rape victim testimony, and why small discrepancies can strengthen rather than destroy credibility.

When Self-Defense Fails: Understanding Homicide vs. Murder in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court explains when a killing becomes homicide, not murder, and why a weak self-defense claim can backfire.

Unreliable Affidavit? Why Courtroom Testimony Reigns Supreme in Philippine Criminal Cases

In People v. De Guzman, the Supreme Court ruled that courtroom testimony prevails over affidavits and police reports, explaining why.

Deadlines Matter: Why Philippine Judges Must Decide Cases Within 90 Days

The Supreme Court reminds judges of the 90-day decision deadline, explaining why delays undermine justice and what happens when courts miss the mark.

Fair Trial or Biased Judge: When a Trial Judge's Questions Are Proper in Philippine Courts

The Supreme Court clarifies when a judge's clarificatory questions during trial are proper and do not prove judicial bias.

Double Jeopardy in the Philippines: When Partial Promulgation of a Decision Does Not Count

When a trial court promulgates only the civil liability part of a conviction, the accused cannot claim double jeopardy to block the later promulgation of the criminal penalty.

Rape Conviction Affirmed: Why Minor Inconsistencies in a Child Victim's Testimony Do Not Destroy Credibility

The Supreme Court affirms a triple rape conviction, explaining why minor inconsistencies in a young victim's testimony do not undermine credibility.

Victim Testimony in Rape Cases: Why Philippine Courts Give It Great Weight

Philippine courts often convict based on the victim's testimony alone in rape cases. This article explains why, citing People v. Ranido.

Cross-Examination Essentials: Why Properly Impeaching a Witness Testimony Is Crucial in Philippine Courts

Learn the proper way to impeach a witness in Philippine courts, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in People v. De Guzman.

When a Child Eyewitness Fails: The Roman Meneses Acquittal and the Law on Identification

The Supreme Court acquitted Roman Meneses due to unreliable eyewitness identification, explaining when a child's testimony and police show-ups fail the test of proof beyond reasonable doubt.

Alibi Defense in Philippine Criminal Law: Proving Impossibility

Understand the alibi defense in Philippine criminal law, its legal basis, and why courts require proof of physical impossibility.

Unraveling Conspiracy in Philippine Criminal Law: The Gungon Case and Its Implications

The Gungon case clarifies how Philippine courts prove conspiracy through circumstantial evidence and how complex crimes are penalized.

Superior Strength in Murder: How Conspiracy Establishes Criminal Liability

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how conspiracy and superior strength qualify a killing as murder, with practical legal takeaways.

Online Psychological Abuse Under RA 9262: When a Public Facebook Post Becomes a Crime

The Supreme Court clarifies when public social media posts constitute psychological abuse under RA 9262 and how ICT use raises penalties.

Quasi-Delict vs Criminal Negligence: Civil Liability in Philippine Accidents

The Supreme Court clarifies when a driver's negligence creates civil liability under quasi-delict, even without a criminal conviction.

Defense of a Relative in the Philippines: Proving Unlawful Aggression

Philippine law allows defense of a relative, but only if unlawful aggression is clearly proven. A Supreme Court case shows why.

Understanding Amnesty vs Pardon in the Philippines: Key Differences and Implications

Learn the crucial differences between amnesty and pardon in Philippine law, their legal effects, and why the distinction matters for criminal cases.

Dying Declarations: When Can a Victim's Statement Be Used in Court?

Learn when a dying victim's statement is admissible in Philippine courts, based on the Supreme Court ruling in People v. Viovicente.