Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 241263 of 263 articles for finality

Upholding Contractual Agreements: Trust Receipts and Surety Agreements in Loan Obligations

The Supreme Court reaffirms that contracts are the law between parties, enforcing stipulated interest, penalties, and service charges in trust receipt loan transactions.

Finality Prevails: Reopening a BP 22 Case After Judgment

A Supreme Court ruling explains why a final BP 22 conviction cannot be reopened through a belated new trial motion or petition for relief.

When Courts Can Extend a Lease: Limits of Article 1687 in Ejectment Cases

Supreme Court clarifies that courts cannot extend a month-to-month lease under Article 1687 when a definite period exists.

Invalid Promulgation of Judgment: When Philippine Courts Fail to Follow Procedure

Philippine Supreme Court explains what makes a valid promulgation in absentia and when the accused's right to appeal accrues.

Reviving Expired Judgments in the Philippines: The Terry Case and Contempt Limits

Learn when Philippine judgments expire, how to revive them, and why contempt cannot enforce stale court orders under the Terry ruling.

Habeas Corpus Appeals in the Philippines: The 15-Day Rule Explained

The Supreme Court confirmed that habeas corpus appeals now follow the 15-day period under the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure, replacing the old 48-hour rule.

Finality Prevails: Enforcing Judgments and Preventing Alterations in Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on why final judgments are immutable and why execution must strictly follow the dispositive portion.

Valid Substituted Service: How Philippine Courts Can Serve Summons Without Personal Delivery

Learn when substituted service of summons is valid in Philippine courts, what the sheriff's return must show, and how to challenge a default order.

Breach of Contract in the Philippines: Rescission and the Risks of Buying Property with a Notice of Lis Penden

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on rescission, reciprocal obligations, and why a notice of lis pendens binds any buyer of disputed property.

Second Place Is Not Enough: Why Disqualification of a Winning Candidate Does Not Automatically Elevate the Run

Philippine election law: a disqualified winner's votes are not automatically void, so the second placer does not become the winner.

Legal Interest Rates in the Philippines: When Does 6% vs 12% Apply

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when 6% or 12% legal interest applies—loans and forbearance versus other obligations. Learn the rules.

Tenancy Disputes and Jurisdiction: Courts vs. Agrarian Reform Boards

Understanding when courts or DARAB have jurisdiction over agrarian disputes, based on a recent Supreme Court ruling.

Missed Appeal Deadlines in the Philippines: Strict Rules, Rare Exceptions

Philippine courts strictly enforce the 15-day appeal period. Missing it can end a case, with only truly exceptional circumstances excusing delay.

Successor Liability in Philippine Labor Law: Enforcing Judgments Against Transferee Companies

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on enforcing labor judgments against successor companies that assume liabilities of the original employer.

Premature Writ of Demolition: Due Process and the Sheriff's Duty in Philippine Execution

When can a sheriff implement a writ of demolition, and what happens when a motion for reconsideration is pending? The Supreme Court's ruling in A.M. No. P-98-1268 offers guidance.

Philippine Legal Interest on Loans: When Does 12% Apply? Villanueva v. CA Explained

Learn when 12% legal interest applies to unpaid loans in the Philippines, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Villanueva v. Court of Appeals.

Final Judgment Is Final: Understanding Annulment of Judgment in the Philippines

When can a final criminal judgment be annulled? The Supreme Court explains the limits of annulment of judgment and due process.

Prosecutorial Discretion vs Court Authority: Navigating Criminal Case Dismissals in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the balance between prosecutorial discretion and judicial authority in dismissing criminal cases after information is filed.

Bail After Conviction When Guilt Imports Denial in Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on rape conviction, credibility of mentally weak victim, denial defense, and bail implications after conviction.

Withdrawing a Criminal Appeal in the Philippines: Rights and Limits After Conviction

Can a convicted person withdraw a criminal appeal in the Philippines? People v. Redulosa explains the right, limits, and consequences.

Liability for Damage to Stored Goods: Negligence and Interest Rates Explained

A warehouse operator's negligence can mean paying for damaged goods. Learn the rules on liability and the correct interest rates.

Illegal Dismissal: When Can an Employer Terminate an Employee in the Philippines

Philippine law requires just cause and due process for valid termination. This case explains serious misconduct and loss of confidence rules.

Immediate Reinstatement Pending Appeal: What Philippine Employees Should Know

Philippine Airlines v. NLRC explains the immediate executory nature of reinstatement orders pending appeal under Article 223 of the Labor Code.