Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 265288 of 576 articles for exceptions

When Can Government Agencies Represent Themselves? The Solicitor General's Exclusive Mandate

Explaining the Supreme Court ruling in Republic v. Cuizon on when government agencies may appear in court without the Solicitor General.

Judicial Accountability vs Erroneous Judgments: Protecting Judicial Independence in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on judicial accountability, erroneous judgments, and the constitutional protection of judicial independence.

Dual Office Holding: Constitutional Limits on Executive Appointments

Supreme Court rules Cabinet members cannot hold concurrent offices, even temporarily, under Section 13, Article VII of the Constitution.

Personal Guarantees and Piercing the Corporate Veil: Lessons from Crisologo v. People

When corporate officers sign personal guarantees, they may face personal liability. The Supreme Court clarifies the limits in Crisologo v. People.

Finality vs Justice: Reconciling Immutability of Judgments With Equitable Labor Standards

The Supreme Court clarifies when a final judgment can be reconsidered, balancing the doctrine of immutability with the rights of illegally dismissed employees.

Untangling Time: When Does the Clock Start Ticking for Relief from Judgment?

Explaining the 60-day and 6-month periods for filing a petition for relief from judgment under Rule 38, as clarified by the Supreme Court in Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Court of Tax Appeals an

Checks and Balances Upholding Presidential Authority to Remove Deputies Despite Ombudsman Independence

The Supreme Court upholds the President's power to discipline Deputy Ombudsmen and Special Prosecutors, balancing independence with accountability.

Clarification vs. Amendment: When a Final Judgment Can Still Be Explained

Philippine courts can clarify final judgments but not amend them. Learn the distinction from Spouses Mahusay vs. B.E. San Diego, Inc.

NEA Supervisory Power Prevails in Resolving Electric Cooperative Disputes

Supreme Court rules NEA has primary jurisdiction over electric cooperative board disputes, not regular courts.

When a Case Becomes Moot: The Stradcom v. Laqui Ruling on Preliminary Injunctions

The Supreme Court explains the moot and academic doctrine in Stradcom v. Laqui, showing how a preliminary injunction expires with the main case.

Resignation and Administrative Cases in the Philippines: What Andutan Teaches Us

Can a resigned public official still face administrative cases? The Supreme Court's Andutan ruling clarifies the limits of Ombudsman jurisdiction.

Finality of Judgments: Why Second Motions for Reconsideration Are Not Allowed in Philippine Courts

Philippine courts generally bar second motions for reconsideration. Learn the rule, its exceptions, and why finality matters.

Substantial Justice Prevails When Philippine Courts Forgive Minor Procedural Lapses

Philippine courts prioritize substantial justice over procedural technicalities, but only for parties who followed the rules. Learn when lapses are forgiven.

Why Correct Docket Fees Are Crucial for Jurisdiction in Philippine Property Disputes

Learn how docket fees affect court jurisdiction in property cases, based on a Philippine Supreme Court ruling on estate disputes.

Double Land Titles in the Philippines: How to Determine Ownership and Avoid Legal Battles

Learn how Philippine courts resolve double land titles, verify true ownership, and prevent property disputes with practical legal guidance.

Navigating Philippine Bank Secrecy Laws When Foreign Currency Deposits Can Be Disclosed

The Supreme Court clarifies when foreign currency deposits may be examined under Philippine law, and the limits of bank secrecy.

Final Judgments Are Immutable: Limits of Legal Review in Labor Cases

A final judgment cannot be reopened. Learn how the Supreme Court applied the immutability doctrine in a labor dispute.

Grave Threats in the Philippines: Criminal Intent and Multiple Offenses Explained

Understand how Philippine courts determine separate grave threats charges, criminal intent, and the limits of justifying circumstances in this Supreme Court case analysis.

Counsel's Negligence Binds the Client in Philippine Legal Proceedings

Learn when a lawyer's negligence binds the client in Philippine courts, and when courts may grant relief from counsel's mistakes.

When Quitclaims and Waivers Over Agrarian Land Are Void: Lessons from Lebrudo v. Loyola

Philippine Supreme Court explains when waivers over agrarian reform land are void, protecting farmer-beneficiaries from losing their awarded property.

Understanding Land Ownership Restrictions Under Philippine Agrarian Reform: The Lebrudo vs Loyola Case

The Supreme Court explains the 10-year ban on selling or transferring agrarian reform lands, and why waivers violating it are void.

Conviction for a Different Crime: When Courts Can Convict You of an Uncharged Offense

Philippine Supreme Court explains when a conviction for an offense not charged in the Information is valid under the Rules of Court.

Piercing the Corporate Veil: When Parent Companies Face Liability for Labor Violations

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when parent companies can be held liable for subsidiaries' labor violations, explained for employees and businesses.

Plain View Doctrine: When Warrantless Seizures Are Admissible in Philippine Courts

The Supreme Court explains the plain view doctrine and when evidence seized without a warrant can be used in court.