Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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Justice for All: How Conspiracy Elevates Liability in Group Violence Cases
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on murder, treachery, and dying declarations—what it means for group violence liability.
Conspiracy and Credibility: How Positive Identification Establishes Guilt Beyond Reasonable Doubt in Murder Ca
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how positive identification, conspiracy, and credibility establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt in murder cases.
Conspiracy and Credibility: Examining Witness Testimony in Philippine Murder Cases
How the Supreme Court weighed positive identification, delayed reporting, and conspiracy in affirming murder convictions.
Conspiracy and Intent: How Philippine Courts Establish Criminal Liability
A Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy and evident premeditation in murder, explaining how joint purpose and intent establish liability.
Intent to Gain in Carnapping and Liability Through Criminal Conspiracy
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on intent to gain in carnapping, conspiracy liability, and penalties under the Anti-Carnapping Act.
Conspiracy AND Eyewitness Testimony Establishing Guilt Beyond Reasonable Doubt IN Murder Cases
Accountability for All: Conspiracy in Carnapping with Homicide
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy in carnapping with homicide, explaining how circumstantial evidence can prove joint criminal liability.
Dying Declarations and Conspiracy in Murder Cases: People v. Baldago
How Philippine courts weigh dying declarations and infer conspiracy in murder trials, explained through People v. Baldago.
Conspiracy and Criminal Liability: Proving Guilt Beyond Reasonable Doubt in Group Offenses
Illegal possession of firearms requires proof of license absence; expired licenses and unlawful seizures may lead to acquittal.
Reasonable Doubt Acquittal Based on Insufficient Evidence of Conspiracy in Murder Case
Philippine Supreme Court ruling: mere presence at a crime scene does not prove conspiracy; accused acquitted on reasonable doubt.
Conspiracy and Murder by Hired Killers: When One Co-Accused's Acquittal Does Not Free Another
A look at how the Supreme Court upheld murder convictions based on conspiracy, positive identification, and circumstantial evidence in a hired killing.
Accomplice Liability: Distinguishing Principals From Accessories in Criminal Conspiracy
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy, accomplice liability, and how co-conspirators are treated as principals in murder cases.
Conspiracy and Individual Acts in Group Crime: The Dumayan Case
When is a person liable for a group crime? The Supreme Court explains conspiracy and individual liability in People v. Dumayan.
When Silence Isn't Golden: Criminal Conspiracy and the Duty to Disclose Knowledge of a Crime
The Supreme Court clarifies when silence about a crime becomes criminal conspiracy, and the limits of the duty to report.
Treachery in Philippine Law: Ensuring Justice for Victims of Sudden Attacks
How Philippine courts define treachery in murder cases, and why conspiracy requires more than mere presence at the crime scene.
Presence vs Participation: When Mere Presence Creates Criminal Liability in Philippine Law
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when mere presence at a crime scene constitutes conspiracy versus innocent observation, using a rape case as example.
Self-Defense, Unlawful Aggression, and Conspiracy: Lessons from People v. Tumayao
The Supreme Court clarifies self-defense, conspiracy, and treachery in a murder case, and explains the effect of an accused's death on appeal.
Reasonable Doubt and Criminal Liability: Homicide, Conspiracy, and the Limits of Witness Testimony in the Phil
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies reasonable doubt, conspiracy, and qualifying circumstances in a murder appeal that became homicide.
Burden OF Proof Establishing Conspiracy IN Murder Cases
Treachery and Witness Credibility: When Conspiracy Fails in Philippine Murder Cases
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when presence at a crime scene does not prove conspiracy in murder, and the importance of witness credibility.
Positive Identification and the Limits of Conspiracy in Criminal Convictions
A look at how Philippine courts weigh eyewitness identification against alibi and what proof conspiracy truly requires.
Conspiracy and Positive Identification in Robbery with Homicide Cases
The Court upholds robbery-with-homicide convictions built on conspiracy and eyewitness identification, but clarifies that a paltik gun does not prove illegal possession.
When Association Isnt Conspiracy Philippine Supreme Court Clarifies The Need For Concrete Proof In Criminal Co
The Supreme Court explains when mere presence becomes criminal conspiracy, requiring proof of a common design to commit a crime.
Conspiracy and Abuse of Superior Strength: Defining Murder in Philippine Law
Explaining how conspiracy and treachery elevate killing to murder under Philippine law, based on People v. Ellado.