Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

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When Can a Corporate President Bind the Corporation? Lessons from Inter-Asia v. Asia Industries

A corporate president can bind the corporation even without board authority under apparent authority. Learn the rules from this Supreme Court case.

Redundancy vs Retrenchment: Understanding Employee Rights in Philippine Labor Law

The Supreme Court clarifies the difference between redundancy and retrenchment, and what employers must prove to validly terminate employees for economic reasons.

Retrenchment Rules in the Philippines: When Business Losses Justify Employee Dismissal

Learn the strict rules for valid retrenchment in the Philippines, including proof of serious losses, notice requirements, and quitclaim limits.

Retrenchment in the Philippines: Avoiding Illegal Dismissal Claims

The Supreme Court explains the substantive and procedural requirements for valid retrenchment in the Philippines, and why weak evidence leads to illegal dismissal.

When a Wage Order Exemption Fails: The Distressed Establishment Rule

Explaining the Supreme Court ruling on wage order exemptions for distressed establishments and the cut-off for measuring losses.

Appeal Bonds in Philippine Labor Cases: When Can They Be Reduced

Learn when Philippine courts may reduce appeal bonds in labor cases, the rules on perfecting appeals, and practical tips for compliance.