Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 889912 of 1,197 articles for appeal

Reconstitution of Lost Titles: Supreme Court Clarifies Evidence Rules in Faustino Co Shu Kiam v. Republic

The Supreme Court clarifies the rules on judicial reconstitution of lost certificates of title, emphasizing that strict evidentiary standards must yield to practical realities.

Jurisdiction vs Exercise of Jurisdiction: Upholding Court Authority Despite Procedural Errors

The Supreme Court clarifies that jurisdiction over labor cases persists despite procedural lapses, and rules on retirement age, CBA benefits, and tax refund claims.

Withdrawal of Information vs Dismissal: What the Supreme Court Said

The Supreme Court clarifies when a motion to withdraw information is final, and how prosecutors must weigh both sides in preliminary investigation.

CBA Scholarship Benefits Resolving Ambiguities IN Favor OF Labor

Security agency loses bid to exempt receivables from garnishment; Court applies labor-friendly rule on execution exemptions.

Contract of Sale vs Piece of Work: Subcontractor Rights Under Article 1729

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a supply agreement is a piece of work, giving subcontractors direct claims against project owners.

When Counsel's Negligence Binds the Client: Due Diligence in Appeals

The Supreme Court clarifies when a lawyer's failure to act diligently on an appeal binds the client, and what counts as notice of a decision.

Verbal Promises vs Corporate Authority: Enforceability of Employment Benefits in the Philippines

When can a verbal promise by a corporate officer bind the company? The Supreme Court explains the limits of corporate authority over employment benefits.

Common Carrier Liability: Negligence and Fortuitous Events in Cargo Loss

When cargo is lost at sea, who pays? Philippine law on common carriers, negligence, and the act of God defense explained.

Due Process in Retrenchment: Balancing Employer Prerogative and Employee Rights

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the distinction between just and authorized causes in dismissal, and the penalties for violating notice requirements.

Breach of Barangay Settlement: Your Right to Rescind and Sue in Court

When a barangay settlement is breached, Philippine law gives the aggrieved party the right to rescind it and pursue their original claim in court.

Extraterritorial Service of Summons: Due Process for Non-Resident Defendants

Philippine courts must strictly comply with rules on extraterritorial service of summons before declaring non-resident defendants in default.

Deputy Ombudsman Impeachment Limits Clarified by Supreme Court

The Supreme Court clarifies that Deputy Ombudsmen are not impeachable officers, settling a long-standing constitutional question.

Unlawful Detainer: A Tenant's Admissions and the Inevitable Ejectment

In Mendoza v. Court of Appeals, the Supreme Court ruled that a tenant's own admissions in pleadings can seal an ejectment case.

Equitable Mortgage vs Pacto de Retro Sale: Property Rights in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court explains the difference between equitable mortgage and pacto de retro sale, and why mortgagees cannot simply consolidate ownership.

Unmasking Equitable Mortgages in the Philippines: A Guide for Property Buyers and Sellers

When is a deed of sale actually a loan? Learn how Philippine courts unmask equitable mortgages and protect property buyers and sellers.

When Does Prescription of Penalties Begin? The Doctrine of Evasion of Sentence

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that prescription of penalties under Article 93 RPC only runs when a convict escapes while serving imprisonment.

Service by Publication in the Philippines: Strict Rules for Valid Summons

Learn the strict requirements for valid service of summons by publication in the Philippines, and why procedural lapses can void court judgments.

Substantial Compliance with Procedural Rules: Certified Xerox Copies in Philippine Law

Supreme Court ruling on certified xerox copies as substantial compliance with Rule 65 requirements for petitions for certiorari.

Perfecting Appeals: The Crucial Difference Between Single and Multiple Judgments in Philippine Law

Learn when a record on appeal is required in Philippine civil procedure, and why missing this step can cost you your appeal.

LGU Right to Immediate Possession in Expropriation: City of Iloilo v. Legaspi

When can an LGU take immediate possession of private property in expropriation? The Supreme Court explains the 15% deposit rule.

Self-Defense in Homicide Cases: Proving Justification in the Philippines

When claiming self-defense in Philippine homicide cases, the accused bears the burden of proving all elements by clear and convincing evidence. Learn the rules.

Judge's Erroneous Release of Supersedeas Bond and Rental Deposits in Ejectment Case

A judge who allowed a defendant to withdraw the supersedeas bond and rental deposits pending appeal in an ejectment case was held liable for gross ignorance of the law.

Strikes and Due Process: Balancing Labor Rights and Employer Prerogatives in the Philippines

Explore how Philippine labor law balances workers' right to strike against employer prerogatives, with due process at the core.

Enforcing Time Limits: Carrier Liability Hinges on Timely Notice of Cargo Damage

Timely written notice of cargo damage is a condition precedent to suing a carrier. The Supreme Court explains why in Federal Express v. American Home Assurance.