Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 10331056 of 1,341 articles for appeal

DARAB Contempt Powers: Why Arrest Orders Must Come From Courts

The Supreme Court limits DARAB's contempt power—arrest orders for indirect contempt must come from the Regional Trial Court, not administrative bodies.

Rape Conviction Upheld on Victim's Credible Testimony Despite Intact Hymen

Philippine Supreme Court affirms rape conviction based on child victim's credible testimony, clarifies that intact hymen does not negate rape.

Trust Receipts Law Liability: When Agents Face Estafa Charges

Learn when corporate agents can face criminal liability for estafa under the Trust Receipts Law, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Ong v. Court of Appeals.

Advertising Expenses and Tax Deductions: Ordinary vs. Capital Outlay in the Philippines

Philippine tax law on advertising deductions: when a colossal ad spend becomes a capital outlay, not an ordinary expense.

When Contractors Overstate Work: COA's Audit Power and Quantum Meruit in Government Projects

The Supreme Court affirms COA's power to determine actual work accomplished and recover overpayments from government contractors under quantum meruit.

Retroactivity vs Prospectivity: Protecting Vested Rights in Agrarian Reform Appeals

The Supreme Court clarifies when its ruling on the proper mode of appeal in agrarian cases applies, protecting vested rights.

Breach of Contract: When a Separate Land Title Is a Condition Precedent to Payment

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when failure to deliver a separate land title justifies a buyer's refusal to pay the balance under a contract of sale.

Employer-Employee Relationship and Illegal Dismissal: The Control Test in Philippine Labor Law

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the control test for employer-employee relationship and rules on illegal dismissal due to disease in Sy v. Court of Appeals.

Challenging Local Tax Ordinances: The 30-Day Appeal Rule Under Section 187

Taxpayers must appeal to the Secretary of Justice within 30 days of a local tax ordinance's effectivity or lose the right to challenge it in court.

When Killing a Child Is Treachery: The Ostia Murder Case

Explaining why killing a four-year-old is treachery, and why the Court still reduced the penalty to reclusion perpetua.

Unlawful Arrest and Admissible Evidence: Key Lessons from a Robbery Case

How the Supreme Court protected constitutional rights by excluding evidence from an unlawful warrantless arrest in a robbery case.

Circumstantial Evidence and Murder Convictions: The People vs. Diaz Case

Learn how the Supreme Court upheld a murder conviction based solely on circumstantial evidence in People vs. Diaz, and what this means for Philippine criminal law.

Contractual Obligations Upholding Agreed Upon Interest Rates in Construction Disputes

Philippine Supreme Court affirms 2% monthly interest on unpaid construction balance, enforcing contractual stipulations between owner and contractor.

Treachery Unveiled: The Standard for Qualifying Circumstances in Criminal Law

The Supreme Court clarifies that treachery must be proven with equal certainty as the crime itself, not presumed from the killing.

Good Faith Prevails: Exoneration From Dishonesty Charges in Veteran Preference Claims

Philippine Supreme Court rules good faith and truthfulness defeat dishonesty charges in veteran preference claims, allowing reinstatement with back salaries.

HLURB Jurisdiction vs Unlawful Detainer: Defining the Boundaries in Property Disputes

The Supreme Court clarifies when the HLURB has jurisdiction over subdivision lot disputes and when ejectment cases belong in regular courts.

Upholding Mortgage Foreclosure Waiver and Estoppel in Property Redemption

A mortgagor who attempts to redeem foreclosed property waives defects in the foreclosure sale and is estopped from later challenging its validity.

Corporate Dissolution and Judgment Enforcement: Rights Survive Liquidation

A final judgment can still be enforced after a corporation dissolves — the Supreme Court explains why in this ruling.

Relief From Judgment Confined to Trial Courts, Not Extended to Court of Appeals

Supreme Court clarifies that relief from judgment under Rule 38 applies only to trial courts, not the Court of Appeals.

Venue in Philippine Breach of Contract Cases: The DAPCO v. Dole Lesson

Learn how Philippine courts determine venue in lease disputes, and why filing in the wrong place can get your case dismissed.

Forgery Claims and Document Production: The Right to Examine Evidence in Court

When can a court deny a motion to examine documents for forgery? The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of judicial discretion.

Health Care Agreements vs Insurance Contracts: The Incontestability Clause Explained

The Supreme Court ruled that health care agreements are insurance contracts, so the incontestability clause applies to HMOs.

How the Supreme Court Sanctions Judicial Delay and Prosecutorial Nonfeasance in Criminal Cases

The Supreme Court annulled an acquittal tainted by prosecutorial nonfeasance and judicial delay, reaffirming due process for offended parties.

Execution Pending Appeal: Balancing Public Interest and Court Discretion in Insurance Claims

When can a winning party execute a judgment while the appeal is pending? The Supreme Court explains the "good reasons" standard in this insurance dispute.