Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 13211344 of 5,164 articles for courts

Trademark Infringement and Probable Cause: When the Secretary of Justice Abuses Discretion

The Supreme Court clarifies when courts may override the Secretary of Justice's dismissal of trademark infringement complaints for grave abuse of discretion.

Forced Resignation: When a "Voluntary" Resignation Is Really Illegal Dismissal

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a resignation is forced and amounts to illegal dismissal, protecting employees from undue influence.

Procuring Cause: When Real Estate Brokers Earn Their Commission

Learn when a real estate broker earns a commission under Philippine law, explained through the Supreme Court's ruling in Ticong v. Malim.

Submarine Cables as Taxable Real Property: Supreme Court Clarifies Local Government Authority

The Supreme Court rules submarine cables are taxable real property, affirming local governments' power to impose real property tax on these assets.

When a Sudden Stabbing Is Homicide, Not Murder: Lessons from People v. Macaspac

The Supreme Court explains when a sudden attack lacks treachery and evident premeditation, reducing murder to homicide.

Breach of Contract vs. Damages: How Philippine Courts Determine Jurisdiction

Philippine courts determine jurisdiction by the primary relief sought, not the complaint's label. Learn how the Supreme Court clarified this in a landmark ruling.

Judicial Immunity and the Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies in Agrarian Compensation Cases

The Supreme Court clarifies when landowners may directly sue for just compensation despite the exhaustion of administrative remedies doctrine.

Psychological Incapacity vs Marital Discord: When Infidelity and Irresponsibility Do Not Nullify a Marriage

The Supreme Court clarifies that marital discord, infidelity, and irresponsibility do not automatically amount to psychological incapacity under Article 36 of the Family Code.

Defamation and Free Speech: Balancing Criticism and Accountability in Libel Cases

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when statements in legal pleadings lose privileged communication protection and become libelous.

Reasonable Doubt Prevails: Acquittal in Carnapping With Homicide Case Due to Insufficient Evidence

Supreme Court acquits accused in carnapping with homicide case, ruling that prosecution evidence failed to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt.

Third Party Claims in Execution: Protecting Property Rights Under Rule 39

Learn how third-party claimants can protect property wrongly levied in execution, and why certiorari is not the right remedy.

Execution Pending Appeal: Balancing Justice and Judicial Discretion in Philippine Courts

The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of execution pending appeal and the requirements for claiming injunction bonds in Abenion v. Pilipinas Shell.

Upholding Contractual Obligations: The Duty to Remit Funds in Agency Agreements

When can an agent withhold funds from a principal? The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of an agent's right of retention and the duty to remit.

Corporate Representation: The Necessity of Board Resolutions in Legal Actions

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when corporate officers need board resolutions to file or defend legal actions, and the limits of derivative suits.

Unconscionable Interest: The Limits of Contractual Freedom in Philippine Loans

Philippine courts can strike down unconscionable interest rates in loan agreements. Learn the rules on excessive interest and how borrowers are protected.

When Silence Isn't Golden: The Perils of Unchallenged Eyewitness Testimony in Murder Convictions

A Supreme Court ruling shows how unchallenged eyewitness testimony can seal a murder conviction, and why defense lawyers must test it.

Maintaining the Status Quo: Upholding Preliminary Injunctions in Property Disputes

Learn when courts uphold preliminary injunctions in property disputes and why challenging final judgments through annulment of court processes fails.

Reinsurance and Attachment Bonds: Upholding Surety Validity Beyond Retention Limits

Supreme Court clarifies that attachment bonds exceeding a surety's retention limit remain valid when the excess is reinsured, explaining reinsurance contracts.

Upholding Notarial Integrity: Consequences for False Certifications in the Philippines

A Supreme Court ruling on a lawyer permanently barred from notarial commission for notarizing without the party's presence, and what it means for notaries.

Notarizing Without the Signatory: When a Lawyer's Carelessness Leads to a Permanent Notarial Ban

A lawyer who notarized a petition while the signatory was abroad was permanently barred from notarial commission. The Supreme Court explains why.

Union Registration Misrepresentation and Managerial Employees: Key SC Ruling

The Supreme Court clarifies when misrepresentation can cancel a union's registration and how managerial employee status affects labor union rights.

Accretion vs. Reclamation: Philippine Supreme Court Rules on Artificial Land Claims

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that artificially filled land is not accretion under Article 457, settling ownership disputes over man-made extensions.

When Can an Agent Delegate Authority? The Rule on Substitution Under Philippine Law

Philippine law presumes an agent may appoint a substitute unless prohibited. Learn the rules, limits, and risks from a Supreme Court ruling.

Protecting Seafarers' Permanent Partial Disability and the Right to Compensation

Supreme Court rules seafarers can claim permanent partial disability benefits even if injury is curable or not in POEA schedule.