Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 121144 of 150 articles for trial court

Credibility Counts: Why Witness Testimony Decides Drug Cases in the Philippines

In drug case appeals, the Supreme Court defers to trial courts on witness credibility. Learn why from People v. Lacson.

Execution of Judgment in Ejectment Cases: Why the Court of Origin Matters

In ejectment cases, execution of an affirmed judgment generally belongs to the trial court of origin, not the appellate court. A Supreme Court ruling clarifies why.

Ex Officio Notarization: Defining the Boundaries for Municipal Court Judges in the Philippines

The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of municipal trial court judges' ex officio notarization powers under Circular No. I-90.

The Weight of Witness Testimony: Why Trial Courts Hold the Key in Philippine Parricide Cases

A look at People v. Villarez, explaining why appellate courts defer to trial courts' assessment of witness credibility in parricide cases.

When Can a Trial Court Resolve a Motion to Quash a Search Warrant Issued by Another Court?

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies which court resolves a motion to quash a search warrant when the criminal case is pending in a different court.

When Mental Illness Raises Doubt: The Estrada Case on Competency to Stand Trial

Philippine Supreme Court nullifies a murder conviction where the trial court ignored evidence of the accused's mental illness and denied a mental examination.

When Can Testimony Be Disregarded? Analyzing Witness Credibility in Philippine Courts

The Supreme Court explains when witness testimony may be disregarded and why trial court findings on credibility are rarely disturbed on appeal.

Sandiganbayan Jurisdiction Over Graft Cases: Municipal Mayors and Salary Grade 27

The Supreme Court clarifies when the Sandiganbayan, not trial courts, hears graft cases against municipal mayors based on salary grade.

Credibility of Witnesses in Philippine Courts: Supreme Court Upholds Trial Court's Assessment in Murder Case

The Supreme Court reaffirms that trial courts' factual findings and witness credibility assessments deserve great weight, explaining why positive identification beats alibi.

Due Process and the Right to Present Evidence in Philippine Criminal Cases

When may a trial court validly treat a counsel's absence as a waiver of the accused's right to present evidence? The Supreme Court explains.

When Courts May Reopen a Criminal Case After Evidence Is Closed

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when a trial court may reopen a criminal case after the parties have rested, and the limits of that discretion.

Challenging Evidence in Philippine Courts: Interlocutory Orders and Certiorari

Learn when you can challenge a trial court's evidentiary rulings in the Philippines—and why certiorari usually isn't the answer.

Second Chances in Court: Understanding Appeals After Amended Judgments

When a trial court amends its decision after you've appealed, do you need to file another notice of appeal? The Supreme Court clarifies.

Credibility of Victim Testimony in Rape Cases: Lessons from People v. Ferrer

Philippine courts rely heavily on victim credibility in rape cases. People v. Ferrer shows why trial court findings on witness demeanor are rarely overturned.

Credibility of Child Rape Victims: Why Trial Court Observations Matter in Philippine Rape Cases

The Supreme Court affirms that a rape victim's credible testimony alone can sustain a conviction, and explains conspiracy in robbery with rape.

Philippine Election Law: RTC Jurisdiction Over Election Offenses Despite Lower Penalties

Philippine Supreme Court ruling: Regional Trial Courts keep exclusive jurisdiction over election offenses even if penalties are six years or less.

How Philippine Courts Assess Witness Credibility and Nighttime Aggravation

A 1998 Supreme Court ruling explains how trial courts weigh witness credibility, self-defense claims, and when nighttime aggravates a crime.

Credibility Is Key: Why Philippine Courts Prioritize Victim Testimony in Criminal Cases

Philippine courts give great weight to trial court findings on witness credibility. Learn why in People v. De la Cruz.

Execution Pending Appeal in Philippine Election Protests: When Can a Trial Court Still Act

The Supreme Court clarifies when a trial court may still order execution pending appeal in election protests, even after an opponent files a notice of appeal.

Double Jeopardy in the Philippines: When Partial Promulgation of a Decision Does Not Count

When a trial court promulgates only the civil liability part of a conviction, the accused cannot claim double jeopardy to block the later promulgation of the criminal penalty.

Why Drug Cases Stay in Regional Trial Courts Even for Small Amounts

A 1997 Supreme Court ruling explains why RTCs keep jurisdiction over drug offenses regardless of the quantity involved or penalty.

Judicial Accountability: Independent Assessment of Justice Secretary's Resolutions in Philippine Courts

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on trial courts' duty to independently assess Justice Secretary's resolutions in withdrawal of criminal informations.

When Sequestration Does Not Oust Trial Courts: PAGCOR v. Court of Appeals

A Supreme Court ruling clarifies that sequestration alone does not strip regular courts of jurisdiction over ownership disputes involving sequestered assets.

Discharge of an Accomplice as a State Witness: Safeguarding Justice in Philippine Courts

The Supreme Court affirms that trial courts' factual findings and witness credibility assessments are conclusive unless arbitrary, in a murder conviction.