Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 145168 of 648 articles for cir

Libel Venue in the Philippines: Where Can a Public Official File a Case?

Learn the rules on libel venue for public officials under the Revised Penal Code, as clarified by the Supreme Court.

SK Official Removal: Who Has the Power to Oust Youth Leaders

The Supreme Court clarifies which bodies can remove SK Federation Presidents and SK Chairpersons, and the due process required.

Corporate Veil and Judgment Execution: Can a Successor Corporation Be Held Liable?

When a judgment debtor's assets pass to another corporation, can the winner enforce the judgment against the successor? The Supreme Court explains.

Illegal Dismissal vs. Voluntary Resignation: Proving Your Case in the Philippines

When is a resignation not voluntary? Learn how Philippine courts distinguish illegal dismissal from resignation and who bears the burden of proof.

Conversion to Islam Does Not Shield You from Bigamy Charges in the Philippines

The Supreme Court clarifies that converting to Islam does not automatically exempt a person from bigamy charges under Philippine law.

Treachery in Robbery with Homicide: The Supreme Court’s Ruling in People v. Juada

The Supreme Court clarifies when treachery aggravates robbery with homicide and affirms conviction based on circumstantial evidence in People v. Juada.

Constructive Dismissal vs. Just Cause Termination: Key Supreme Court Ruling

The Supreme Court clarifies that constructive dismissal and just cause termination are incompatible, reinforcing due process and security of tenure.

Upholding Agrarian Reform: Supervening CLOA Justifies Deviation from Immutability of Judgment

When a final judgment becomes inequitable due to a supervening event like a CLOA issuance, courts may relax the doctrine of immutability of judgment.

Deception and Exploitation: Defining Human Trafficking in the Philippines

The Supreme Court affirms a trafficking conviction, clarifying how fraud, deception, and vulnerability define the crime under RA 9208.

Online Psychological Abuse Under RA 9262: When Facebook Posts Become Crimes

The Supreme Court clarifies when social media posts constitute psychological abuse under RA 9262 and how the Cybercrime Prevention Act raises the penalty.

Self-Defense and Intent to Kill: Understanding the Nuances in Philippine Law

When does self-defense apply in Philippine criminal law? The Supreme Court explains the fine line between justified killing and criminal liability.

DOSRI Violations in Philippine Banking: Lessons from Apolinario v. People

The Supreme Court's ruling in Apolinario v. People clarifies DOSRI rules, insider lending limits, and director liability in Philippine banking.

Defective Vehicle Refund and Manufacturer Liability Under the Consumer Act

Supreme Court ruling clarifies consumer refund rights for defective vehicles and manufacturer liability under RA 7394, with administrative fines reinstated.

DNA Evidence and Presumption of Legitimacy: Filiation Rights in the Philippines

The Supreme Court ruled DNA evidence can establish filiation despite the presumption of legitimacy, prioritizing the child's best interests.

Psychological Incapacity as Annulment Ground in the Philippines After Tan-Andal

Understand psychological incapacity as an annulment ground under Article 36, Family Code, as clarified by Tan-Andal and applied in Halog v. Halog.

Redundancy in Philippine Employment: When a Valid Termination Becomes Illegal Dismissal

Learn when redundancy is valid in Philippine labor law, and how the Supreme Court protects employees from illegal dismissal disguised as redundancy.

When Filing Two Property Lawsuits Is Not Forum Shopping: The Hocorma Ruling

The Supreme Court clarifies when filing both an ejectment case and a collection suit over the same property does not constitute forum shopping.

Habitual Tardiness in Philippine Government Service: When Is It a Light Offense?

The Supreme Court clarifies when habitual tardiness is a light offense, not a grave one, in a 2021 ruling.

Cockfighting Law: When Local Officials Can Hold Events Outside Licensed Cockpits

Supreme Court clarifies when cockfights may be held outside licensed cockpits under PD 449, and the limits of Ombudsman discretion.

Unilateral Interest Rate Hikes When Banks Overstep Their Bounds In Loan Agreements

Philippine Supreme Court rules on void unilateral interest rate hikes by banks, mutuality of contracts, and foreclosure validity.

Hierarchy of Courts in Certiorari Petitions: Lessons from Nacionales v. Solde-Annogui

The Supreme Court reaffirms the hierarchy of courts doctrine, requiring certiorari petitions to start at the RTC, not the High Court.

Hearsay, Dying Declarations, and Reasonable Doubt: Acquittal in Homicide Case

Supreme Court acquits homicide accused where prosecution relied on inadmissible hearsay, not direct evidence, and medical evidence conflicted.

When One Is Liable for All: Conspiracy in Gang Rape Under Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies that in conspiracy, each accused is liable for all acts of rape committed by co-conspirators, even those at large.

Proving Social Media Authorship in VAWC Cases: Key Lessons from G.R. No. 274842

The Supreme Court clarifies how to prove authorship of Facebook posts in VAWC cases and raises penalties when ICT is used.