Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 169192 of 318 articles for en banc

Automated Elections Public Bidding vs Comelec Discretion in Purchasing the AES for the 2013 Elections

Supreme Court upholds Comelec's exercise of option to purchase PCOS machines for 2013 elections, ruling no new public bidding was required.

Disqualification vs. COC Cancellation: Timelines That Decide Election Cases

The Supreme Court clarifies the critical distinction between election disqualification petitions and petitions to cancel certificates of candidacy.

Philippine Supreme Court Clarifies Documentary Stamp Tax on Passbook Savings Accounts

The Supreme Court rules that passbook savings accounts with higher interest rates are certificates of deposit subject to documentary stamp tax.

Finality of Judgments: Why Second Motions for Reconsideration Are Not Allowed in Philippine Courts

Philippine courts generally bar second motions for reconsideration. Learn the rule, its exceptions, and why finality matters.

League of Cities v. COMELEC: The Finality of the 16 Cityhood Laws

The Supreme Court denies a second motion for reconsideration, affirming the constitutionality of the 16 Cityhood Laws with finality.

Missing Rollo Case: Court Record Handling and Lawyer Accountability

Supreme Court suspends lawyer for six months for borrowing a case rollo and keeping it for nearly 12 years, underscoring integrity in legal practice.

Honesty in Judicial Applications: Why Full Disclosure Matters

The Supreme Court reminds lawyers that candor and honesty in judicial applications are ethical duties, not optional courtesies.

Perfecting Appeals: The Critical Role of Timely Docket Fee Payments in Philippine Courts

A Supreme Court ruling on late appeal filings, docket fees, and the doctrine of reckless imprudence under Philippine law.

Constructive Dismissal and Optional Retirement: The Ondevilla Case

The Supreme Court clarifies constructive dismissal, optional retirement age, and separation pay in illegal dismissal cases involving managerial employees.

Exclusive Franchises and Public Utilities: Constitutional Limits in the Philippines

The Supreme Court struck down Section 47 of PD 198 as unconstitutional, reaffirming that exclusive franchises for public utilities are prohibited by the Constitution.

Party-List Registration and Religious Affiliation: COMELEC's Jurisdiction Explained

When can COMELEC cancel a party-list's registration for being a religious front, and when does the HRET take over? The Supreme Court clarifies.

Citizenship Disputes and Electoral Timelines: Gonzalez v. COMELEC on Disqualification Petitions

The Supreme Court clarifies the distinction between disqualification and cancellation of COC petitions, and the strict 25-day filing period under the election code.

Cityhood Laws and Equal Protection: The League of Cities Doctrine

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of 16 cityhood laws, ruling that Congress validly exempted certain municipalities from higher income requirements.

Judicial Accountability When Archiving Cases Constitutes Gross Ignorance of the Law

A judge who archived criminal cases instead of forwarding them to the prosecutor was fined P30,000 for gross ignorance of the law.

Docket Fees and Jurisdiction: The David Lu Case on Actions Incapable of Pecuniary Estimation

Learn how the Supreme Court's David Lu ruling clarifies docket fees and jurisdiction for actions incapable of pecuniary estimation in Philippine courts.

Gross Ignorance of the Law: When Judges Overstep Final Judgments

A judge's motu proprio reversal of a final and executory order leads to dismissal for gross ignorance of the law in this administrative case.

VAT Refund for Foreign Tourists Upheld: Equal Protection and Tax Classification Under RA 12079

The Supreme Court upholds RA 12079's VAT refund for foreign tourists, ruling it does not violate equal protection or uniform taxation.

HRET Jurisdiction Over Party List Nominees Ensuring Constitutional Qualifications for House Membership

Supreme Court ruling on COMELEC jurisdiction over party-list nominee qualifications and the continuing residency requirement for elective office.

Novation in Philippine Law: Understanding the Requirements for Extinguishing Obligations

Learn how novation extinguishes obligations under Philippine law, its requirements, and how the Supreme Court applies these rules in corporate rehabilitation cases.

Pawnshops and VAT: Clarifying Tax Exemptions for Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries

The Supreme Court clarifies that pawnshops, as non-bank financial intermediaries, were not liable for VAT in 2000 due to deferred effectivity.

Breach of Trust Dismissal for Mismanaging Court Funds in the Philippines

A Supreme Court ruling shows why clerks of court face dismissal for mishandling judiciary funds, with lessons for all accountable officers.

Dishonesty in Public Service: Forfeiture of Eligibility for Examination Irregularities

Court dismisses clerk of court for using a proxy in the 1988 civil service exam, ruling dishonesty forfeits eligibility and all benefits.

When Death of the Accused Before Final Judgment Extinguishes Criminal and Civil Liability

Philippine Supreme Court explains how an accused's death before final judgment extinguishes criminal liability and civil liability ex delicto under the Revised Penal Code.

Friar Lands and Faulty Signatures: When Government Neglect Jeopardizes Land Ownership

The Supreme Court's Manotok ruling shows how documentary gaps in friar land sales can undermine even long-standing property claims.