Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
Get a cited, plain-language answer from 184,000+ statutes and decisions — free, no sign-up.
Eyewitness Credibility and Collective Liability in Criminal Conspiracy: Establishing Individual Guilt
Learn how Philippine courts assess eyewitness credibility and collective liability in criminal conspiracy cases, and what this means for individual guilt.
Conspiracy and the Absence of Self-Defense: Collective Criminal Liability in Group Attacks
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy, self-defense claims, and collective liability in group attacks resulting in murder.
Conspiracy in Robbery With Homicide: Understanding Collective Liability in Philippine Law
A Philippine Supreme Court ruling explains how conspiracy makes every participant liable for robbery with homicide, even if only one stabbed the victim.
Collective Liability and Conspiracy in Criminal Actions: People v. Aquino
When does mere presence or participation in a transaction amount to criminal conspiracy? The Supreme Court clarifies in People v. Aquino.
Conspiracy in Philippine Criminal Law: How Group Actions Lead to Collective Liability for Carnapping and Murde
The Supreme Court explains how conspiracy makes each member of a group equally liable for crimes committed during a joint criminal enterprise.