Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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When Is Deadly Force Justified in the Philippines? Police Use of Force Rules
Philippine law on police use of force, deadly force standards, and what the Supreme Court says about justified shootings.
Self-Defense: When Apparent Danger Justifies Deadly Force in Philippine Law
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when self-defense justifies deadly force, requiring actual unlawful aggression, not just perceived threats.
When Duty Turns Deadly: Examining the Limits of Police Use of Force in the Philippines
Philippine law allows police to use deadly force only as a last resort. This article explains the legal boundaries, justified homicide, and accountability.
Police Use of Force in the Philippines: When Is Homicide Justified
The Supreme Court clarifies when a police officer's use of deadly force is justified, and when it becomes homicide.
Treachery and Defense of Property: When Is Deadly Force Justified
The Supreme Court explains when killing a fleeing thief is murder, not justified defense of property, and what makes surrender voluntary.