Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 19 of 9 articles for equipoise rule

Hearsay and Reasonable Doubt: How Witness Testimony Impacts Homicide Cases

The Supreme Court acquits a homicide accused when prosecution evidence rests on hearsay and conflicting medical findings.

Hearsay, Dying Declarations, and Reasonable Doubt: Acquittal in Homicide Case

Supreme Court acquits homicide accused where prosecution relied on inadmissible hearsay, not direct evidence, and medical evidence conflicted.

Probable Cause vs Equipoise Rule: Safeguarding Against Unjust Arrest in Arson Cases

When prosecutors flip-flop on probable cause, courts hold the line. Flores v. Gonzalez clarifies the equipoise rule and judicial independence.

Falsification of Public Documents: When Collective Signatures Do Not Equal Collective Guilt

A Supreme Court ruling clarifies individual criminal liability for falsification of public documents in collective decision-making bodies like the PBAC.

When Presence Is Not Enough: Understanding Accomplice Liability in Philippine Criminal Law

The Supreme Court clarifies that mere presence or even physical restraint does not make one an accomplice absent community of criminal design.

Good Faith Payments and Prior Satisfaction as Grounds for Acquittal in BP 22 Cases

Supreme Court acquits corporate officer in BP 22 case where the dishonored check was fully paid two years before charges were filed.

Beyond Reasonable Doubt: The High Standard for Rape Convictions in the Philippines

Philippine courts require proof beyond reasonable doubt for rape convictions. This article explains the standard and what it means for accusers and the accused.

Collective Liability and Conspiracy in Criminal Actions: People v. Aquino

When does mere presence or participation in a transaction amount to criminal conspiracy? The Supreme Court clarifies in People v. Aquino.

Presumption of Innocence in Philippine Drug Cases: The Lagmay Acquittal

How the Supreme Court applied the presumption of innocence to acquit a drug suspect when prosecution evidence fell short of proof beyond reasonable doubt.