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Showing 1–4 of 4 articles for “penalty clause”

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Dec 23, 2008 lease agreements grave coercion landlord rights utility disconnection penalty clause philippine law

When Landlords Can Cut Utilities: Lessons from Barbasa v. Tuquero

Learn when a lessor may lawfully disconnect utilities under a lease's penalty clause without committing grave coercion.

Aug 30, 2006 contract-law penalty-clauses government-projects presidential-decree-1594 commission-on-audit supreme-court

Breach of Contract: Enforcing Penalty Clauses in Government Projects

Explaining when penalty clauses bind contractors in government projects, based on a Supreme Court ruling on DBP and PD 1594.

Dec 16, 1998 loan agreements penalty clauses contracts of adhesion ambiguity promissory notes philippine law

Decoding Loan Agreements: How Ambiguity Can Invalidate Penalty Clauses in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how ambiguous penalty clauses in loan agreements, especially contracts of adhesion, are construed against the drafting bank.

Mar 20, 1996 liquidated damages lease agreements contract law civil code supreme court

Liquidated Damages in Lease Agreements: Enforceability and Practical Implications

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when liquidated damages in lease contracts are enforceable and how courts treat penalty clauses.