Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 1–2 of 2 articles for “pre-existing debt”

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Mar 31, 2005 estafa bouncing checks revised penal code pre-existing debt criminal law negotiable instruments law

Bouncing Checks and Estafa: Pre-Existing Debt vs. Fraudulent Intent

When does a bouncing check become estafa? The Supreme Court clarifies the line between civil liability for pre-existing debt and criminal fraud.

Sep 18, 2000 criminal-law bp-22 bouncing-checks supreme-court philippine-law

Proving Bouncing Checks Cases in Philippine Courts: Actions Speak Louder Than Words

B.P. 22 convictions don't require proving intent or a pre-existing debt. Learn what courts actually look for in bouncing checks cases.