Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 1–4 of 4 articles for “secretary's certificate”

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Jan 11, 2016 corporate law banking law ultra vires mortgage corporation code supreme court

Can a University Be Bound by Unauthorized Mortgages? Corporate Authority Explained

When can a corporation be bound by an officer's unauthorized acts? The Supreme Court explains in University of Mindanao v. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.

Jul 22, 2014 special power of attorney pre-trial rules of civil procedure default civil procedure

Pre-Trial Representation: When a Special Power of Attorney Is Required

Learn why the Supreme Court requires a Special Power of Attorney for pre-trial representation, and how lacking one can lead to default.

Sep 16, 2013 corporate law civil procedure secretary's certificate pre-trial supreme court

Secretary's Certificate as Proof of Corporate Authority in Philippine Litigation

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a secretary's certificate suffices to prove corporate authority to file pleadings, and the duties of plaintiffs in pre-trial.

Apr 8, 2008 certiorari appeal rule 65 rule 41 civil procedure supreme court

Certiorari vs Appeal: Choosing the Proper Remedy in Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court explains why appeal and certiorari are mutually exclusive remedies, and why procedural rules matter in extraordinary actions.