Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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When Self-Defense Fails: Treachery and Conspiracy in Philippine Murder Cases
A Supreme Court ruling explains when self-defense fails, how conspiracy is proven, and why treachery qualifies murder under Philippine law.
When Self Defense Claims Fall Short: The Burden of Proof in Homicide Cases
The Supreme Court clarifies that conspiracy in robbery with homicide requires proof beyond reasonable doubt, but concerted acts establish liability.
Accountability in Armed Robbery: Redefining Liability Through Criminal Conspiracy
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on criminal conspiracy in robbery with homicide, explaining liability for all participants and penalty rules.
Rape and Conspiracy: When the Act of One Is the Act of All
A Philippine Supreme Court ruling explains how conspiracy in rape makes each accused liable for the acts of all co-conspirators.
When a Judge's Negligence Undermines Due Process: Lessons from Quirao v. Quirao
The Supreme Court reminds trial courts that procedural rules serve justice, not hinder it, in Quirao v. Quirao.
Conspiracy and Consent in Rape Cases: Proving Guilt Beyond Reasonable Doubt
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on gang rape, conspiracy liability, victim credibility, and consent in People v. Binarao.
Accountability AND Joint Liability Establishing Conspiracy IN Homicide Cases
When Silence Speaks Volumes: Conspiracy and Eyewitness Testimony in People v. Pelopero
The Supreme Court affirms murder convictions based on eyewitness testimony, delayed reporting, and circumstantial evidence of conspiracy.
Spousal Conspiracy in Rape: When a Parent's Silence Becomes Criminal Liability
A Philippine Supreme Court ruling shows how a parent's failure to stop a spouse's sexual abuse of their child can create joint criminal liability.
From Murder to Homicide: When Qualifying Circumstances Fail in Conspiracy Cases
Supreme Court explains when conspiracy stands but treachery and abuse of superior strength fail, reducing murder to homicide.
Reasonable Doubt and Conspiracy: The Line Between Suspicion and Criminal Liability
When acquittal on reasonable doubt still leaves civil liability, due process requires a full hearing on damages.
Accountability FOR Accomplices Scope OF Conspiracy IN Philippine Criminal LAW
Public Official Liability and Conspiracy in Administrative Graft Cases
Explaining when public officials face administrative liability for errors, and when conspiracy or bad faith must be proven.
Conspiracy and Homicide: Determining Individual Liability in Group Crimes
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy in group crimes, and why a conviction for murder was reduced to homicide.
Treachery and Conspiracy in Stone Pelting: Understanding Murder Convictions in the Philippines
How the Supreme Court applied treachery and conspiracy to uphold murder convictions in a fatal stone-pelting attack in Sorsogon.
Eyewitness Identification and Conspiracy in Murder Conviction: People v. Musa Jr.
Clear eyewitness identification by prosecution witnesses prevails over minor inconsistencies, affirming murder convictions based on conspiracy and treachery.
When a Lease Renews Month-to-Month: The Right of First Refusal and Tacita Reconduccion
The Supreme Court explains what happens to a lease's option-to-buy clause when the lease renews on a month-to-month basis after expiration.
Conspiracy and Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt: Direct Evidence in Robbery With Homicide Cases
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy, hearsay, and extrajudicial confessions in robbery with homicide cases, explaining why the accused was acquitted.
When Ambush and Conspiracy Lead to a Complex Crime: Murder and Attempted Murder in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court explains how an ambush with conspiracy forms a complex crime of murder and multiple attempted murder under Article 48.
Witness Credibility and Treachery in Philippine Murder Cases: People v. Sanidad
How Philippine courts assess witness credibility, treachery, and conspiracy in murder cases, explained through People v. Sanidad.
Reassessing Criminal Liability From Murder TO Homicide Based ON Absence OF Evident Premeditation
The Supreme Court clarifies when a killing is homicide, not murder, absent proof of evident premeditation, and explains conspiracy liability.
Accountability in Group Crimes: Defining Conspiracy and Liability in Philippine Law
Explaining how Philippine courts define conspiracy and liability in group crimes, with rules on fiduciary duty for court personnel.
Carnapping With Homicide: Conspiracy and Admissibility of Extrajudicial Confessions
Explaining the Supreme Court ruling on carnapping with homicide, conspiracy among co-accused, and when extrajudicial confessions to private persons are admissible.
Robbery With Homicide: Conspiracy and Individual Liability Explained
Learn how the Supreme Court applied conspiracy rules in robbery with homicide, making all participants liable for the killing.