Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 313336 of 407 articles for constitution

Eyewitness Testimony, Confessions, and Conspiracy: Lessons from the Payumo Massacre Case

The Supreme Court's ruling in the Payumo Massacre case clarifies the rules on eyewitness credibility, inadmissible confessions, and conspiracy in Philippine criminal law.

Safeguarding Confessions: The Right to Competent Counsel in Philippine Law

A confession is inadmissible if the accused lacked truly competent, independent counsel during custodial investigation.

How the Supreme Court Sanctions Judicial Delay and Prosecutorial Nonfeasance in Criminal Cases

The Supreme Court annulled an acquittal tainted by prosecutorial nonfeasance and judicial delay, reaffirming due process for offended parties.

Plunder and Conspiracy: Defining the Boundaries of Criminal Liability in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies how conspiracy works in plunder cases, and why each accused is liable only for acts they committed.

Double Jeopardy and Modification of Criminal Penalties: Protecting the Accused

The Supreme Court rules that courts cannot increase a convicted person's penalty on the prosecution's motion, citing double jeopardy protections.

Independent Civil Actions Under the Civil Code: No Reservation Needed, Even With a Pending Criminal Case

The Supreme Court clarifies that civil claims based on the Civil Code may proceed independently of criminal cases, with no prior reservation required.

Premature Execution Judgment Required Before Enforcing Court Orders

Philippine Supreme Court rules that a writ of execution requires a final judgment, voiding premature enforcement in David v. Velasco.

Prescription in Anti-Graft Cases: When Does the Clock Start Ticking?

The Supreme Court clarifies when the prescriptive period for anti-graft cases begins, distinguishing discovery from commission of the offense.

Vindication and Unlicensed Firearms: When Personal Offense Mitigates Murder

The Supreme Court clarifies how a grave personal offense can mitigate murder and how unlicensed firearms affect sentencing.

Hired Guns and Silent Inducements: Criminal Liability in Contract Killings Under Philippine Law

A look at how Philippine courts treat hired killers and those who induce them, based on a landmark 2001 murder case.

When Domestic Disputes Turn Deadly: Understanding Parricide in Philippine Law

A look at parricide under Philippine law through the Supreme Court's ruling in People v. Cabug, explaining the crime, penalties, and evidentiary rules.

Unlawful Arrest Evidence Obtained From Illegal Search Deemed Inadmissible

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that evidence from a warrantless search is inadmissible when the preceding warrantless arrest was unlawful.

Airport Security Checks and Your Rights: The Johnson Case Explained

Understand your rights during airport security frisks in the Philippines, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in People v. Johnson.

Fixed Terms for Constitutional Commissioners: The Gaminde Case on Staggered Terms

The Supreme Court clarifies that a constitutional commissioner's term follows the staggered system, not the appointment paper's date, as shown in Gaminde.

Regalian Doctrine vs Indigenous Rights: The IPRA Landmark Case

The Supreme Court's 7-7 split in Cruz v. DENR left the IPRA intact, shaping how ancestral domains and the Regalian doctrine interact today.

Reversion Rights After Expropriation: What MCIAA v. Chiongbian Means for Landowners

When government expropriation is unconditional, former owners generally cannot reclaim land even if the public purpose ends. Learn the rules.

Cutting Utility Lines Without a Permit: Unjust Vexation Under Philippine Law

Learn how the Supreme Court's ruling in Ong Chiu Kwan v. Court of Appeals treats unauthorized cutting of utility lines as unjust vexation.

Reasonable Doubt in Philippine Rape Cases: People v. Desamparado Explained

How the Supreme Court acquitted a rape accused despite medical evidence, and what this means for Philippine criminal justice.

Loss of Trust and Confidence as a Valid Ground for Dismissal: The Vitarich Case

Philippine law requires more than an employer's mere assertion of lost trust to justify dismissal. Learn the rules from Vitarich v. NLRC.

People v. Laguerta: Why Clear Victim Testimony Matters in Philippine Rape Cases

In People v. Laguerta, the Supreme Court acquitted a rape convict due to inconsistent victim testimony, convicting him instead of acts of lasciviousness.

Hearsay Evidence in Philippine Courts: When Sworn Statements Are Admissible

Sworn statements can be admitted in Philippine courts not to prove their truth, but to show they were made. Learn the hearsay rule's limits.

Vague Dates in Rape Informations: When Approximate Time Is Enough

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on whether vague dates in rape informations violate the accused's right to be informed, and why approximate time suffices.

Protecting Dreams Preventing Scams Lessons From The Linda Sagaydo Illegal Recruitment Case

The Supreme Court affirmed Linda Sagaydo's conviction for illegal recruitment in large scale and estafa, offering key lessons for overseas job seekers.

Qualified vs Simple Rape in Philippine Law: The Importance of Clear Charges

Why the Supreme Court downgraded a death sentence for qualified rape to simple rape, and what it means for criminal procedure.