Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 34333456 of 4,194 articles for court of appeals

Upholding University Authority When an Investigation Committee Can Be Challenged

Supreme Court ruling on when university investigation committees can be challenged, exhaustion of administrative remedies, and due process.

Valid Service of Summons: Protecting Due Process in Philippine Courts

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies rules on personal service of summons, due process, and annulment of judgments in Lazaro v. Rural Bank.

Patent Infringement and the Doctrine of Equivalents: Beyond Literal Claim Language

Philippine Supreme Court explains when the doctrine of equivalents applies in patent infringement cases, using Smith Kline Beckman v. Tryco Pharma as guide.

Authorized Driver Clause and Police Blotters in Insurance Claims

When can an insurer deny a claim based on the authorized driver clause? The Supreme Court explains the evidentiary weight of police blotters.

Personal Surety Liability vs Corporate Rights: When Banks Lose Their Claim

A bank's unauthorized extension of credit deadlines releases personal sureties from liability, even when they signed a continuing guaranty.

Resolving Ownership in Forcible Entry: When Courts Can Decide Who Truly Owns the Land

Philippine ejectment cases usually focus on possession, but courts may resolve ownership when it is intertwined with possession. Learn the rules.

Forged Signatures and Faulty Sales: Protecting Spousal Rights in Property Transfers

A forged deed by a married man without his wife's consent is void; buyers must verify occupancy before purchasing property.

Zealous Advocacy Has Limits: Lawyers Reprimanded for Offensive Court Pleadings

Philippine Supreme Court reprimands lawyers for abusive language in pleadings, clarifying the limits of zealous advocacy and privileged communication.

Judicial Discretion vs Delay: Balancing Justice and Efficiency in Philippine Courts

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when court delays warrant administrative liability, distinguishing error from bad faith in judicial discretion.

Sale and Leaseback as Disguised Loan: When Financial Leasing Is an Equitable Mortgage

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a sale and leaseback is a disguised loan secured by chattel mortgage, not a true financial lease.

Court of Appeals Erred in Dismissing Appeal Over Photocopied Annexes

Supreme Court rules photocopied annexes in Rule 43 appeals need not be certified true copies, only the assailed decision itself.

When Constitutional Limits Bar Recovery of Illegally Acquired Property

Philippine Supreme Court explains why an alien who bought land through a Filipino cannot recover the property or his money.

Ejectment Suits: Registered Ownership vs. Co-Ownership Claims in Property Disputes

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that in unlawful detainer cases, registered ownership prevails over co-ownership claims, but only for possession purposes.

Sovereign Immunity Contracts With Foreign States AND Waiver OF Immunity

Explaining the Supreme Court's ruling in Republic of Indonesia v. Vinzon on foreign sovereign immunity, waiver clauses, and embassy maintenance contracts.

Landlord Rights Prevail Recovering Possession Despite Ownership Claims

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when tenants cannot appeal denial of new trial and how counsel's errors bind clients.

Age Limits and Security of Tenure: Navigating Employment Rights in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies how age limits in service contracts interact with security of tenure and constructive dismissal claims.

Compulsory vs Permissive Counterclaims: When Court Fees Are Not Required in Loan Disputes

Learn when a counterclaim in a loan dispute is compulsory and exempt from docket fees, based on a 2003 Supreme Court ruling.

Service of Court Decisions: When Notice to a Party Trumps Notice to Counsel

Philippine Commercial International Bank v. Court of Appeals clarifies when service of a CIAC decision on a party, not counsel, starts the appeal period.

Loss of Appeal: The Duty to Submit to Court Jurisdiction

When an accused appeals a conviction but refuses to surrender to court authority, the appeal may be dismissed for abandonment.

Amicable Settlement vs Original Obligation: When Does a Compromise Change the Deal

A compromise that is not perfected does not automatically novate the original debt. Learn when an amicable settlement modifies or extinguishes an obligation.

Judicial Efficiency Mandate: Undue Delay in Resolving Appeals Warrants Fine

A judge's 106-day delay in transmitting appeal records constitutes gross inefficiency, warranting a P11,000 fine under Rule 140.

When Can a Corporate President Bind the Corporation? Lessons from Inter-Asia v. Asia Industries

A corporate president can bind the corporation even without board authority under apparent authority. Learn the rules from this Supreme Court case.

Corporate Officers' Apparent Authority and Breach of Warranties in Stock Sales

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on corporate president's apparent authority to bind company and breach of warranty claims in stock purchase agreements.

Ejectment and Land Ownership: When a Titleholder's Right to Possession Prevails

Unlawful detainer cases focus on possession, not ownership. A Torrens title is conclusive proof of ownership and cannot be collaterally attacked.