Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 4972 of 72 articles for affidavit

Forcible Entry in the Philippines: Why Prior Physical Possession Evidence Wins Cases

Learn how Philippine courts decide forcible entry cases, why prior physical possession evidence matters, and key lessons from Buduhan v. Pakurao.

When Can a Co-Owner File an Ejectment Suit in the Philippines? The Adlawan Rule

Philippine law lets a co-owner file ejectment, but only for the benefit of all co-owners—not for sole personal gain. Here's what Adlawan v. Adlawan teaches.

Extraterritorial Service of Summons: Due Process for Non-Resident Defendants

Philippine courts must strictly comply with rules on extraterritorial service of summons before declaring non-resident defendants in default.

Service by Publication in the Philippines: Strict Rules for Valid Summons

Learn the strict requirements for valid service of summons by publication in the Philippines, and why procedural lapses can void court judgments.

Judicial Accountability in Unlawful Detainer Cases: The Montemayor Ruling

A Supreme Court ruling on a judge's delay in an ejectment case underscores the strict timelines and impartiality required of Philippine courts.

Eyewitness Testimony, Confessions, and Conspiracy: Lessons from the Payumo Massacre Case

The Supreme Court's ruling in the Payumo Massacre case clarifies the rules on eyewitness credibility, inadmissible confessions, and conspiracy in Philippine criminal law.

Forgery Claims and Document Production: The Right to Examine Evidence in Court

When can a court deny a motion to examine documents for forgery? The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of judicial discretion.

Baseless Administrative Complaints Against Judges: Lessons from Manahon v. Judge Tan

The Supreme Court dismissed a baseless administrative complaint against a judge, reinforcing that substantial evidence is required and frivolous charges will be reprimanded.

Third-Party Claims in Philippine Execution Sales: Protecting Your Property

Learn how spouses and third parties can protect their property from wrongful execution sales in the Philippines, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Naguit v. Court of Appeals.

Contradictory Testimony and Witness Credibility in Philippine Criminal Cases

How inconsistent witness testimony can create reasonable doubt and lead to acquittal in Philippine criminal cases, as shown in People vs. Hernani.

Improvident Plea of Guilt in the Philippines: The Searching Inquiry Requirement

A guilty plea in a capital offense requires a searching inquiry. Learn what makes a plea improvident and how courts protect the accused.

Laches vs. Torrens Title: Why Delay Can Cost You Your Land in the Philippines

A Torrens title is strong but not absolute—unreasonable delay in asserting ownership can lead to losing the property to laches.

Correcting Manifest Errors in Election Returns: The Angelia Case

How COMELEC can correct obvious tallying errors in election returns even after proclamation, and why due process still matters.

Torrens Title vs. Fraud: Protecting Land Ownership in the Philippines

Learn how the Torrens system protects land ownership in the Philippines and why proving fraud requires clear and convincing evidence, based on a landmark Supreme Court case.

When Is a Sheriff Liable for Wrongful Execution? The De Guzman Rule

Philippine law shields sheriffs who execute judgments in good faith and with an indemnity bond. Learn the rules on wrongful execution and third-party claims.

Security of Tenure for Tenant Farmers: Upholding Leasehold Rights in the Philippines

The Supreme Court reaffirmed tenant farmers' security of tenure, ruling that land sale does not extinguish agricultural leasehold rights.

Withdrawal of an Administrative Complaint: Does It Auto-Dismiss Cases Against Court Personnel?

Withdrawing an administrative complaint against court personnel does not automatically end the case. The Supreme Court explains when dismissal is proper.

Preliminary Investigation as a Substantive Right: The Duterte v. Sandiganbayan Doctrine

The right to preliminary investigation is substantive, not a mere formality. Duterte v. Sandiganbayan shows how its violation can void criminal charges.

Volunteer or Employee? The Control Test in Philippine Labor Law

Learn how the control test determines employee status in the Philippines, using the landmark Filipinas Broadcasting v. NLRC case.

Vote Buying and Disqualification: Nolasco vs. COMELEC Explained

What happens when a winning candidate is disqualified for vote buying? The Nolasco case clarifies succession and election law.

Service of Court Decisions in the Philippines: The Laza Case and Due Process

Learn how Philippine courts rule on valid service of decisions, the "sufficient discretion" standard, and the Laza v. Court of Appeals case.

Judge's Authority in Marriage Solemnization: Jurisdiction and Validity Rules

Learn the jurisdictional limits of judges solemnizing marriages in the Philippines and the mandatory presumptive death proceeding under the Family Code.

Can a Judge Act as Notary Public? Limits on Judicial Notarization in the Philippines

Philippine judges may notarize documents only within official functions. Learn the limits, the Asis ruling, and practical compliance tips.

Conflict of Interest Under RA 3019: The Domingo Case on Public Office Integrity

A mayor's conviction for conflict of interest under RA 3019 Section 3(h) shows why public officials must avoid even the appearance of impropriety.