Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 4972 of 175 articles for demand letter

Credit Card Debt: Unconscionable Interest Rates and the Duty to Respond

The Supreme Court clarifies when credit card interest rates are unconscionable and why borrowers must answer lawsuits on time.

Cooperative Debt Collection: Jurisdiction, Authority, and Interest Rates Explained

Learn how the Supreme Court ruled on cooperative debt collection, officer authority, and interest rate reductions in Fausto v. Multi Agri-Forest.

Corporate Records Access: Stockholder Rights and Officer Duties After Dissolution

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that a stockholder's right to inspect corporate records survives corporate dissolution and continues during liquidation.

B.P. 22 Penalties: Supreme Court Tempers Imprisonment for Bouncing Checks

The Supreme Court clarifies that imprisonment for B.P. 22 violations must be proportionate and not excessive, modifying a 51-year sentence.

Ethical Boundaries: Lawyers' Duty to Avoid Abusive Language in Professional Dealings

The Supreme Court reminds lawyers that demand letters must remain respectful, not abusive or defamatory, under Rule 8.01 of the CPR.

Lawyer Suspended for Abusive Language in Demand Letter: A Lesson in Professional Conduct

The Supreme Court suspends a lawyer for using abusive, offensive language in a demand letter, reaffirming Rule 8.01 of the CPR.

Attorney Suspended Five Years for Deceitful Conduct and Breach of Professional Responsibility

Lawyer suspended five years for deceiving clients into paying P350,000 for a property redemption she never processed, violating the Lawyer's Oath and Rule 1.01.

Ejectment Actions Beyond Lease Agreements: The Contract to Sell Rule in Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that ejectment cases cover contract to sell violations, not just lease agreements or forcible entry.

Tenant's Right of Redemption: Written Notice and Payment Requirements Under Agrarian Law

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies agricultural lessee's right of redemption, written notice requirements, and tender payment obligations under R.A. 3844.

Unlawful Detainer: Why Timely Action and Consistent Claims Matter

Learn how the Supreme Court in Reyes v. Heirs of Forlales clarified the one-year rule in unlawful detainer cases and the limits of mere tolerance.

Lawyers Must Return Fees for Incompetent Service: A.C. No. 10543

When a lawyer accepts a case beyond their competence, they must return the full fees paid. The Supreme Court explains the rule on quantum meruit.

Chattel Mortgage Foreclosure: Lender's Duty After Repossession in the Philippines

Learn the lender's obligations after chattel mortgage foreclosure and repossession in the Philippines, including redemption rights and borrower protections.

Electricity Disconnection Due Process and Utility Company Obligations in the Philippines

Learn the Supreme Court's rules on electricity disconnection, due process, and utility obligations under R.A. 7832 in the Philippines.

Unlawful Detainer: Why a Sufficient Complaint Wins Even When Defendant Defaults

In unlawful detainer cases, a defendant's failure to file an answer means judgment rests on the complaint's facts alone—no evidence required.

Lawyer Suspended for Dishonoring Obligations and Issuing Bouncing Checks

Supreme Court suspends lawyer for two years for issuing worthless checks and evading debts, violating the Code of Professional Responsibility.

Extrajudicial Rescission of Lease Contracts: What Philippine Law Allows

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a lessor may extrajudicially rescind a lease contract without court approval, and the risks involved.

Illegal Dismissal Claims: When Voluntary Resignation and Quitclaims Prevail

Supreme Court ruling on when a resignation and quitclaim are voluntary, and what evidence employees must present to prove illegal dismissal.

Can a University Be Bound by Unauthorized Mortgages? Corporate Authority Explained

When can a corporation be bound by an officer's unauthorized acts? The Supreme Court explains in University of Mindanao v. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.

Limits of a General Power of Attorney Authority to Sell Real Property in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that a general power of attorney does not authorize an agent to sell real property without a special power of attorney.

Construction Contracts and Legal Interest: Determining Liability in Government Projects

The Supreme Court clarifies when 6% legal interest applies to unpaid construction claims against government agencies and local governments.

Constructive Dismissal Claims: When Resignation Is Voluntary and Not Forced

The Supreme Court clarifies when a resignation is voluntary rather than constructive dismissal, and which money claims belong in labor courts.

Perfected Contract of Sale When a Preliminary Agreement Becomes Binding

When does a preliminary agreement become a perfected contract of sale? The Supreme Court explains in this Philippine banking liquidation case.

BP 22 Acquittal: Why Actual Receipt of Notice of Dishonor Is Critical

In Robert Chua v. People, the Supreme Court acquitted a BP 22 accused because prosecutors failed to prove actual receipt of the notice of dishonor.

When a Final Judgment Violates the Law on Bouncing Checks: Correcting an Excessive Penalty

The Supreme Court corrected an excessive fine in a final BP 22 conviction, showing when final judgments may be modified.