Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 697720 of 1,390 articles for bank

Forum Shopping and Dismissed Cases: What the Benedicto Ruling Means for Refiled Complaints

The Supreme Court clarifies when a withdrawn case must be disclosed in a certification against forum shopping, and what litis pendentia requires.

Trust Receipts vs Loan Agreements: When Misuse of Funds Is Not Estafa

The Supreme Court clarifies when a trust receipt arrangement is actually a simple loan, and why criminal liability for estafa does not follow.

When a Constitutional Question Is Ripe for Court Intervention: Defining Judicial Review Limits

Philippine Savings Bank v. Geronimo clarifies the ripeness doctrine and the burden of proving compliance with publication requirements in extrajudicial foreclosures.

Constructive Dismissal Redefining Unreasonable Employee Transfers Under Philippine LAW

When does a job transfer become constructive dismissal? The Supreme Court clarifies the rule on unreasonable transfers in Philippine Veterans Bank v. NLRC.

Special Agrarian Court Jurisdiction: Province-Wide, Not Just Local

Just compensation cases may be heard by the designated Special Agrarian Court anywhere in the province, even outside its regular territory.

Mortgage Validity and Writ of Possession: Upholding Contracts Absent Vitiated Consent

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on writ of possession in foreclosure, contract validity, and consolidation of cases explained in plain language.

Accountability Behind Bars: Holding Court Cashiers Liable for Fund Shortages

Court clerks and cashiers face administrative liability for delayed remittance of fiduciary funds, even after full restitution, as shown in this 2010 ruling.

Valid Summons Substituted Service Permissible FOR Filipinos Temporarily Abroad

Substituted service of summons is valid for Philippine residents temporarily abroad, per the Supreme Court in Palma v. Galvez.

Jurisdiction by Estoppel: When Active Court Participation Bars a Jurisdictional Challenge

Philippine Supreme Court explains when a party's active participation in a case can bar it from later questioning the court's jurisdiction.

When Can a Foreign Corporation Sue in the Philippines? The Cargill Case

The Cargill ruling clarifies when an unlicensed foreign corporation may sue in Philippine courts and what "doing business" means.

Docket Fees and Estoppel in Lease Termination: Metrobank v. Perez

Supreme Court clarifies when late payment of docket fees is allowed and when a party is barred from raising jurisdiction.

Certiorari as an Improper Remedy: Navigating Procedural Missteps in Foreclosure Annulment

When a final judgment can be appealed, certiorari is not available. Learn the procedural rules from a Philippine Supreme Court ruling.

Landowners Can Withdraw Revalued Compensation Pending Agrarian Dispute Resolution

Supreme Court affirms landowners' right to withdraw revalued compensation pending appeal in agrarian cases, citing just and timely payment principle.

Agency and Mortgage Law: When an Agent’s Signature Does Not Bind the Principal

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when an authorized agent’s mortgage signature binds only the agent, not the principal, and the role of laches.

Cooperative Members' Deposit Interest Exempt from Final Withholding Tax: DCCCO v. CIR

The Supreme Court ruled that cooperatives need not withhold 20% final tax on members' deposit interest, citing social justice.

When Public Officials Are Protected From Unfounded Graft Complaints

Explore when public officials are shielded from unfounded graft complaints, and how courts respect the Ombudsman's discretion in dismissing baseless cases.

Tenant's Right of Redemption: Written Notice Is Key in Agrarian Reform

Supreme Court ruling on tenant redemption rights under RA 3844 and the importance of written notice in agrarian reform cases.

Tenant's Right of Redemption: Written Notice Requirement and the Perils of Wrong Appeal Remedy

Supreme Court clarifies tenant redemption rights require written notice, and errors in appeal mode are fatal to agrarian cases.

Dissolution of Preliminary Injunction When Dismissal Trumps Pending Appeal

A preliminary injunction ends automatically when the trial court dismisses the main case, even if an appeal is pending. Here's why.

Retroactivity of Laws and Vested Rights in Bank Liquidation: PDIC v. Stockholders of Intercity Bank

When can a new law apply to an ongoing bank liquidation? The Supreme Court explains the rule on retroactivity and vested rights.

Untangling Rescission: Prescription Periods in Philippine Property Sales

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when the four-year prescriptive period for rescission of a sale starts, using the Quirong v. DBP case.

Just Compensation Land Valuation Under Agrarian Reform Requires Independent Judicial Assessment

Philippine Supreme Court rules trial courts must independently determine just compensation in agrarian reform cases, not merely adopt DARAB valuations.

Foreclosure Notice Requirements: BPI v. Puzon on Posting, Publication, and Presumption of Regularity

Supreme Court clarifies notice requirements in extrajudicial foreclosure, upholding sale where publication was made and presumption of regularity applied.

Parol Evidence Rule and Commitment Fees: Norton Resources v. All Asia Bank

When a written contract is clear, courts will not look beyond its four corners. The parol evidence rule explained.