Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 889912 of 4,866 articles for courts

The Weight of Witness Testimony Establishing Conspiracy in Murder Cases

How Philippine courts weigh witness credibility and conspiracy in murder convictions, with practical guidance for building a strong case.

Reinstatement After Illegal Dismissal: Employee Rights in Corporate Reorganizations

When a company reorganizes, employees still have rights. The Supreme Court explains illegal dismissal and reinstatement in NPC v. Cabanag.

Conspiracy and Overt Acts in Group Offenses: What Philippine Law Requires

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that mere presence at a crime scene does not establish conspiracy; an overt act is required for criminal liability.

Torrens Title vs. Possession: When a Registered Owner Prevails in Land Disputes

The Supreme Court clarifies when a Torrens title prevails over possession claims in accion publiciana cases, reaffirming the indefeasibility of registered land titles.

Piercing the Corporate Veil: When Are Corporate Officers Personally Liable in Labor Cases?

The Supreme Court clarifies when corporate officers can be held personally liable for labor claims, emphasizing the need for clear allegations and proof of bad faith.

Falsification of Public Documents: Intent to Injure Not Required for Conviction

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that intent to injure is not an element of falsification of public documents under the Revised Penal Code.

Land Rights and Oral Sales: Understanding Property Disputes in the Philippines

The Supreme Court clarifies when oral sales of land are valid, and why the five-year free patent ban on alienation matters.

Regular vs Project Employment: Employer Must Prove Employee Status at Hiring

Supreme Court clarifies that employers bear the burden of proving project employment status, requiring clear notice at the time of hiring.

Reasonable Doubt Prevails When Lone Witness Testimony Fails to Convict

Supreme Court acquits accused of illegal firearm possession where prosecution relied solely on a compromised lone witness, underscoring proof beyond reasonable doubt.

When Can Prosecution Amend an Information? Formal vs Substantial Amendment Explained

Supreme Court clarifies when the prosecution may amend a criminal information after arraignment, distinguishing formal from substantial amendments under Rule 110.

Death Before Final Judgment Extinguishes Criminal Liability in Philippine Law

When an accused dies before final conviction, criminal liability and civil liability ex delicto are extinguished under the Revised Penal Code.

Verbal Contracts and Implied Ratification: Upholding Obligations in Broiler Chick Growing Agreements

The Supreme Court rules that verbal contracts bind parties even without a written agreement, and corporations may impliedly ratify unauthorized acts.

Recruiting Minors for Criminal Activities Is Trafficking Under Philippine Law

The Supreme Court rules that recruiting minors to commit robberies constitutes qualified trafficking in persons under the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act.

Finality of Settlement Agreements Barring Future Claims Despite Quasi-Delict Allegations in Seafarer Death Cas

SC rules valid settlement agreements bar seafarers' heirs from filing quasi-delict claims after accepting death benefits.

Illegal Dismissal of OFWs: Full Contract Pay Upheld by Supreme Court

The Supreme Court reaffirms that illegally dismissed OFWs are entitled to their full salaries for the unexpired portion of their contracts, striking down the three-month cap.

When Snatching Is Theft, Not Robbery: Proving Conspiracy and the Burden of Proof

The Supreme Court clarifies when snatching amounts to theft rather than robbery, and how conspiracy is proven in Philippine criminal law.

Robbery with Homicide: How Circumstantial Evidence Secures a Conviction

Explaining the Supreme Court's ruling in People v. Mancao on robbery with homicide, circumstantial evidence, and the presumption of guilt from possession of stolen property.

Strict Chain of Custody in Drug Cases: Why Evidence Handling Can Mean Acquittal

The Supreme Court acquits a drug suspect after police broke the chain of custody. Learn the four links and why strict compliance matters.

Onerous Donations: When Failure to Fulfill Conditions Leads to Revocation

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when failure to fulfill onerous donation conditions justifies revocation, and the prescriptive period for such actions.

Disbarment for Misleading the Court: Candor as a Lawyer's Highest Duty

The Supreme Court disbarred a lawyer for misleading the court and breaching candor, reaffirming that honesty is the foundation of legal practice.

Implied Trust and Property Reconveyance: Ensuring Equitable Distribution Among Heirs

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies implied trust rules and property reconveyance among heirs in a family dispute over a Manila lot.

City of Manila v. Prieto: Strict Limits on Local Government Expropriation Powers

Supreme Court rules local governments must strictly comply with legal requirements before exercising delegated eminent domain powers.

Strict Compliance Required for Expropriation of Private Lands for Socialized Housing

Local governments must strictly follow RA 7279 and the LGC before expropriating private land for socialized housing; failure voids the taking.

Supreme Court Upholds Ombudsman's Dismissal of Graft Charges Over Lahar Quarrying

The Court explains when it will not interfere with the Ombudsman's probable cause findings, even where injury to a landowner may exist.