Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 121144 of 1,294 articles for bank

Mutuality of Contracts and Foreclosure Rights in Philippine Loans

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that void interest stipulations do not invalidate foreclosure when the principal debt remains unpaid.

Psychological Incapacity: No Personal Exam Needed for Marriage Nullity

Supreme Court clarifies that lack of personal examination by a psychiatrist does not invalidate a finding of psychological incapacity under Article 36.

Public Purpose in Government Loans to Private Entities: The Bawasanta Case

When can local governments lend public funds to private entities? The Supreme Court clarifies the public purpose rule in Bawasanta v. People.

Income Tax vs. Stock Transaction Tax: Tax Exemptions in the Philippines

The Supreme Court clarifies that stock transaction tax is a percentage tax, not income tax, limiting exemptions under the NIRC.

Loan Agreements and Dacion en Pago: Key Insights from a Landmark Philippine Supreme Court Ruling

The Supreme Court clarifies when a loan settlement agreement becomes a dacion en pago and what it means for borrowers and banks.

Dacion en Pago: How to Properly Extinguish Loan Obligations in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court explains how dacion en pago works, when loan obligations are extinguished, and the pitfalls lenders must avoid.

Theft vs. Estafa in the Philippines: Key Distinctions and the Horca Case

Theft and estafa differ in possession and deceit. The Horca ruling shows why the distinction matters and how acquittal can still leave civil liability.

DOSRI Violations in Philippine Banking: Lessons from Apolinario v. People

The Supreme Court's ruling in Apolinario v. People clarifies DOSRI rules, insider lending limits, and director liability in Philippine banking.

Just Compensation in Agrarian Reform: How Selling Price Affects Land Valuation

The Supreme Court clarifies how selling price data should be used in computing just compensation for agrarian reform lands.

Unilateral Interest Rate Hikes When Banks Overstep Their Bounds In Loan Agreements

Philippine Supreme Court rules on void unilateral interest rate hikes by banks, mutuality of contracts, and foreclosure validity.

Spousal Liability for Debts in the Philippines: The Zapanta Case Explained

When can one spouse be held liable for the other's debts? The Supreme Court's ruling in Zapanta v. Rustan clarifies the rules on family property liability.

When One Is Liable for All: Conspiracy in Gang Rape Under Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies that in conspiracy, each accused is liable for all acts of rape committed by co-conspirators, even those at large.

Writs of Possession in Extrajudicial Foreclosures: What Borrowers Should Know

Learn when courts must issue writs of possession after extrajudicial foreclosure, the limited exceptions, and the proper remedies for borrowers.

Evident Partiality in Philippine Arbitration: When Courts Can Vacate an Award

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the "evident partiality" standard for vacating arbitration awards, distinguishing it from mere errors in weighing evidence.

Calculating Redemption Price in Extrajudicial Foreclosures: BPI v. LCL Capital Explained

Learn how Philippine courts compute redemption prices in bank foreclosures under the General Banking Law, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in BPI v. LCL Capital.

Bank Liquidation and Bounced Checks: When Receivership Suspends Criminal Liability

The Supreme Court explains how bank receivership and liquidation affect criminal liability for bounced checks under B.P. 22.

When Bank Receivership Suspends B.P. 22 Liability: What Creditors Should Know

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how bank receivership suspends check payment obligations and bars B.P. 22 criminal liability for bank officers.

Property Transactions and Novation: Lessons from East West Banking v. Cruz

A Supreme Court ruling clarifies when a bank—or any party—can sue, and why choosing the wrong appeal can end a case.

Inordinate Delay and the Right to Speedy Disposition of Cases in the Philippines

Learn how the Supreme Court protects your right to speedy disposition of cases, explained through the landmark Campa, Jr. v. Paras ruling.

When Foreclosure Is Valid Despite Pending Labor Case: HSBC v. Galang

The Supreme Court clarifies when a lender may foreclose despite a pending illegal dismissal case, applying debtor-creditor rules.

Right to Information vs. Exam Confidentiality: The Antolin-Rosero Ruling

The Supreme Court balances the right to information against exam confidentiality in Antolin-Rosero v. PRC, a landmark 2021 ruling.

Simulated Loan Contracts and Surety Liability: Lessons from ATCI v. Asset Pool A

A Supreme Court ruling on simulated loan contracts shows when a surety agreement falls with the void principal obligation.

Capital Reduction Rules in the Philippines: What Shareholders Should Know After Metroplex v. Sinophil

The Supreme Court clarifies the requirements for reducing corporate capital stock under Section 38 of the Corporation Code, and limits SEC review.

Just Compensation in Agrarian Reform: When the Land Was Taken Matters

Explaining the Supreme Court's ruling in Land Bank v. Paliza on the reckoning date for just compensation in agrarian reform cases.