Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 15851608 of 2,421 articles for conviction

Incestuous Rape: Supreme Court Upholds Convictions, Reduces Death Penalty

The Supreme Court affirms incestuous rape convictions but reduces death sentences to reclusion perpetua, clarifying penalty rules and victim rights.

Circumstantial Evidence and Murder Convictions: The People vs. Diaz Case

Learn how the Supreme Court upheld a murder conviction based solely on circumstantial evidence in People vs. Diaz, and what this means for Philippine criminal law.

The Right to Confrontation: Why Live Testimony Matters in Philippine Criminal Trials

The Supreme Court vacated a rape conviction because prosecutors used transcripts from another trial instead of presenting live witnesses, violating the accused's right to confrontation.

Prescription of Penalties: Why Actual Imprisonment Matters in Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when prescription of penalties begins—only after a convict actually escapes from imprisonment.

Prescription of Penalties: Evasion of Sentence Requires Prior Imprisonment

Philippine Supreme Court ruling: prescription of penalty starts only when a convicted person escapes from actual imprisonment, not from hiding.

Entrapment vs Instigation: Safeguarding Rights in Drug Sale Cases

Learn the difference between valid entrapment and unlawful instigation in Philippine drug cases, and how courts protect accused persons' rights.

Flight as Evidence of Guilt in Philippine Criminal Cases: People v. Lobrigas

When does running away or escaping detention prove guilt? The Supreme Court explains the legal weight of flight in criminal cases.

When a Sudden Attack Becomes Murder: Treachery in Philippine Criminal Law

The Supreme Court explains when a sudden, swift attack qualifies as treachery, converting a killing into murder under Philippine law.

Conspiracy and Consent: Examining the Elements of Rape in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies rape elements, consent, and qualifying circumstances in a father's conviction for raping his 10-year-old daughter.

Rape Conviction Affirmed Credible Testimony Outweighs Physicians Doubts In Child Abuse Cases

Supreme Court affirms father's rape conviction, ruling a child victim's credible testimony outweighs conflicting medical findings in incest cases.

Rape and Incest: Minor Testimony Inconsistencies Don't Undermine Conviction

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how minor inconsistencies in a rape victim's testimony don't weaken her credibility, and why minority must be proven.

Supreme Court Upholds Murder Conviction Despite Fugitive Status

The High Court affirms a murder conviction even as the accused remains at large, ruling on treachery, alibi, and the retroactive application of procedural rules.

Carnapping Conviction Affirmed: Penalties and Procedural Rules Under RA 6538

Learn how the Supreme Court clarified carnapping penalties and appeal rules in Mercado v. People, including key procedural takeaways.

Admission vs Confession: Key Distinctions in Philippine Criminal Evidence

Learn the legal difference between an admission and a confession in Philippine criminal cases, and why it matters for evidence and conviction.

Good Faith Prevails: Exoneration From Dishonesty Charges in Veteran Preference Claims

Philippine Supreme Court rules good faith and truthfulness defeat dishonesty charges in veteran preference claims, allowing reinstatement with back salaries.

Treachery Unveiled: The Standard for Qualifying Circumstances in Criminal Law

The Supreme Court clarifies that treachery must be proven with equal certainty as the crime itself, not presumed from the killing.

The Weight of a Minor's Testimony in Rape Cases: Credibility vs Presumption of Innocence

How Philippine courts weigh a minor rape victim's testimony against the presumption of innocence, and when delay in reporting does not destroy credibility.

Protecting the Vulnerable: The Importance of Age Verification in Rape Cases

How the Supreme Court upheld a rape conviction, emphasizing that a minor victim's delayed reporting does not weaken her credible testimony.

Rape Conviction Affirmed: Victim Credibility and Delay in Reporting Explained

Philippine Supreme Court affirms rape conviction, explains why a child victim's testimony is credible despite delay in reporting and why alibi failed.

Rape Conviction and the Burden of Proving the Victim's Age for the Death Penalty

A look at People v. Cantuba on how positive identification overcomes alibi, and why proving the victim's age matters for sentencing.

Checks as Guarantee in Loan Agreements: No Estafa Without Deceit

Supreme Court clarifies that postdated checks as loan guarantees do not constitute estafa absent proof of fraud or deceit.

Buy-Bust Operations and Warrantless Arrests: The Balance Between Law Enforcement and Individual Rights

The Supreme Court explains when a buy-bust operation justifies a warrantless arrest and seizure of drugs, balancing police work and constitutional rights.

Treachery and Positive Identification: Conviction Upheld in Murder Case

The Supreme Court affirms a murder conviction based on positive identification by two eyewitnesses and treachery, despite the accused's alibi and denial.

Positive Identification Over Alibi: Credibility in Murder Conviction

How the Supreme Court upheld a murder conviction based on eyewitness positive identification, rejecting alibi and affirming treachery in People v. Estrada.