Legal Insights

Employer Vicarious Liability: When A Driver's Negligence Makes The Employer Liable

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies employer vicarious liability under Article 2180 when a driver's negligence causes injury.

Duty to Account: Belated Compliance Does Not Erase Criminal Liability for Public Officers

The Supreme Court rules that a public officer's belated liquidation of cash advances does not erase criminal liability under Article 218 of the Revised Penal Code.

When Bank Fraud Is Not the Bank's Fault: BPI v. Central Bank and the Limits of Employer Liability

The Supreme Court explains when a government bank is liable for employee fraud, and the limits of employer liability under Article 2180.

Vicarious Liability: When Employers Are Liable for Employee Torts

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when employers are vicariously liable for employee torts under Article 2180, and how due diligence in selection and supervision can defeat liability.

The Doctor's Dilemma: Hospital Liability in Medical Negligence Cases in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on medical negligence, physician-patient duty, and hospital solidary liability under Article 2180 of the Civil Code.

Employer Liability for Employee Negligence: Proving Diligence in Selection and Supervision

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when employers can escape liability for employee negligence under Article 2180 of the Civil Code.

School Not Liable for Visiting Catechist's Acts: Employer Test Explained

When a school sends a visiting catechist to teach, who answers for misconduct? The Supreme Court clarifies employer liability under Article 2180.

Vicarious Liability and Public Officials: When Is a Mayor Responsible for Employee Negligence

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when a mayor can be held liable for a driver's negligence under Article 2180 of the Civil Code.

Accountable Public Officer Failing to Render Accounts: Liability for Cash Advances

Municipal mayors who receive cash advances are accountable officers. Failure to liquidate or return disallowed funds within two months is a crime under Article 218 of the Revised Penal Code.

Demand Not Required for Liability Under Article 218: Manlangit v. Sandiganbayan

Public officers must render accounts on time—no demand needed. The Supreme Court clarifies Article 218 liability in Manlangit v. Sandiganbayan.

When Must Private Entities Account for Government Funds? Campomanes v. People

The Supreme Court clarifies when private individuals receiving government funds must render accounts to the COA, and when they cannot be held liable under Article 218 of the Revised Penal Code.

Employer Liability for Negligent Employee: Quasi-Delict vs Subsidiary Liability

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when employers face direct liability for employee negligence under Article 2180, Civil Code, distinct from subsidiary criminal liability.

Employer's Quasi-Delict Liability: Direct and Primary Under Article 2180

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that an employer's liability for employee negligence under Article 2180 is primary and direct, allowing suit without the employee.

Employer Liability: Proving Due Diligence in Employee Negligence Cases

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on employer liability under Article 2180 and the burden of proving due diligence in employee negligence cases.

Vicarious Liability of Employers: Proving Due Diligence in Employee Negligence Cases

Employers must prove due diligence in selecting and supervising employees to avoid vicarious liability under Article 2180 of the Civil Code.