Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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When Bank Fraud Is Not the Bank's Fault: BPI v. Central Bank and the Limits of Employer Liability
The Supreme Court explains when a government bank is liable for employee fraud, and the limits of employer liability under Article 2180.
Garnishment and Legal Compensation in Banking: The BPI v. Central Bank Case
Learn how the Supreme Court ruled on bank liability, garnishment, and clearing house operations in BPI v. Central Bank.
Central Bank Independence vs. Contractual Obligations: Resolving Disputes Over Government Securities
The Supreme Court rules that the Bangko Sentral cannot adjudicate ownership disputes over government securities, and regular courts must resolve them.
Documentary Stamp Tax on Foreign Exchange Sales: Who Pays
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on documentary stamp tax liability for foreign exchange sales to the Central Bank.
Banking Insolvency: When the Central Bank Can Close an Insolvent Bank
The Supreme Court upholds the Central Bank's power to close insolvent banks, explaining the legal meaning of insolvency and the limits of judicial review.
Balancing Corporate Discretion and Regulatory Oversight: The BCDA Compensation Case
The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of a government corporation's power to grant employee benefits beyond Central Bank standards.
When Banks Cannot Unilaterally Raise Interest Rates: The Florendo Rule
The Supreme Court ruled that banks cannot unilaterally raise loan interest rates without a valid Central Bank issuance, upholding mutuality of contracts.