Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 124 of 38 articles for death penalty

Qualified Rape and Moral Ascendancy: When Trust Becomes a Weapon

How moral ascendancy can substitute for force in rape cases, and why abusing a position of trust over a minor leads to qualified rape.

Treachery in Robbery with Homicide: The Supreme Court’s Ruling in People v. Juada

The Supreme Court clarifies when treachery aggravates robbery with homicide and affirms conviction based on circumstantial evidence in People v. Juada.

Intellectual Disability in Rape Cases: What the Supreme Court Requires

The Supreme Court clarifies when intellectual disability must be proven by clinical evidence in rape prosecutions, and why it matters.

Moral Ascendancy and Statutory Rape: Insights from a Philippine Supreme Court Decision

The Supreme Court affirms a statutory rape conviction, explaining how moral ascendancy and recantation are treated under Philippine law.

Credible Testimony Alone Sufficient for Rape Conviction Despite Lack of Physical Evidence

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that a rape conviction can rest on credible victim testimony alone, even without medical or physical evidence of penetration.

Insanity Plea and Arson: When Killing Is Homicide, Not Murder, in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court explains the limits of the insanity defense, the proof needed for murder, and when arson is a separate crime.

Rape Conviction Upheld: Victim Testimony and Procedural Compliance in Rape Cases

The Supreme Court affirms the conviction of a father for qualified rape, underscoring the weight of credible victim testimony and the importance of procedural compliance.

Insanity Plea in Parricide: Burden of Proof and the Limits of Jealous Rage

The Supreme Court clarifies when insanity exempts an accused from criminal liability, and why jealous rage falls short.

Confessions to Barangay Peacekeepers Without Counsel Are Inadmissible Evidence

The Supreme Court rules that uncounselled confessions to bantay bayan members are inadmissible in evidence, but a rape conviction can still stand on other proof.

Attempted vs. Consummated Rape in the Philippines: The Penetration Rule in People v. Miranda

Philippine law once required penile penetration for consummated rape. People v. Miranda shows why digital penetration meant attempted rape—and a lesser penalty.

Vehicular Homicide vs. Murder: Intent and the Use of a Motor Vehicle

When does a fatal vehicular incident become murder? The Mallari case shows how intent and the use of a motor vehicle elevate the crime.

Provocation and Homicide: When a Victim's Actions Reduce Criminal Liability

Explore how a victim's provocative act can reduce murder to homicide, as ruled in People v. Tigle.

Voluntary Confession Mitigates Parricide: Reclusion Perpetua Instead of Death

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how voluntary confession of guilt mitigates parricide, reducing the penalty from death to reclusion perpetua.

Incestuous Rape: Consummation vs Attempt and Proving Carnal Knowledge Beyond Reasonable Doubt

The Supreme Court distinguishes consummated from attempted incestuous rape, stressing the prosecution's burden to prove carnal knowledge beyond reasonable doubt.

The Weight of Fear: Evaluating Delay in Rape Cases Under Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on rape convictions, victim credibility, and why delay in reporting does not weaken a case.

Eyewitness Testimony, Confessions, and Conspiracy: Lessons from the Payumo Massacre Case

The Supreme Court's ruling in the Payumo Massacre case clarifies the rules on eyewitness credibility, inadmissible confessions, and conspiracy in Philippine criminal law.

Improvident Guilty Pleas: Protecting Rights in Capital Offenses

A guilty plea does not admit aggravating circumstances; the prosecution must still prove them, as shown in People v. Gutierrez.

Credibility in Rape Cases: How Minor Inconsistencies Don't Undermine Conviction

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how minor inconsistencies in a rape victim's testimony do not defeat conviction when credibility is established.

Conspiracy and Criminal Liability: Intent and Participation in Homicide Cases

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy, intent, and participation in homicide—what the Manlansing case teaches about criminal liability.

Hired Guns and Silent Inducements: Criminal Liability in Contract Killings Under Philippine Law

A look at how Philippine courts treat hired killers and those who induce them, based on a landmark 2001 murder case.

When Domestic Disputes Turn Deadly: Understanding Parricide in Philippine Law

A look at parricide under Philippine law through the Supreme Court's ruling in People v. Cabug, explaining the crime, penalties, and evidentiary rules.

Credibility of Child Testimony in Rape Cases: Lessons from People v. Mariano

Philippine courts give significant weight to a child's credible testimony in rape cases. Learn the key principles from People v. Mariano.

People v. Laguerta: Why Clear Victim Testimony Matters in Philippine Rape Cases

In People v. Laguerta, the Supreme Court acquitted a rape convict due to inconsistent victim testimony, convicting him instead of acts of lasciviousness.

Improvident Plea of Guilt in the Philippines: The Searching Inquiry Requirement

A guilty plea in a capital offense requires a searching inquiry. Learn what makes a plea improvident and how courts protect the accused.