Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 124 of 68 articles for grave abuse of discretion

Finality of Judgments: COA Cannot Reverse Absolved Parties' Liability

The Supreme Court rules that the COA cannot reverse a final decision absolving employee-recipients from refunding disallowed benefits, reinforcing finality principles.

BSP Bank Closure Powers: What the Supreme Court Ruling Means for Depositors

The Supreme Court upheld the BSP's power to close banks without prior hearing, protecting depositors while limiting legal challenges.

Double Jeopardy in the Philippines: When an Acquittal Can Be Overturned

Philippine law protects against double jeopardy, but an acquittal can be voided if the State's right to due process is violated. Learn the exception.

Labor-Only Contracting in the Philippines: Employer Liability and Worker Rights

Understand labor-only contracting in the Philippines, when a principal becomes the true employer, and key lessons from a recent Supreme Court ruling.

GCTA Eligibility After Conviction: Guinto v. DOJ Explained

The Supreme Court ruled that the 2019 IRR exceeded R.A. 10592 by excluding heinous crime convicts from GCTA. Here's what it means.

When Can a Mayor Order Demolition Without a Court Order? The Altarejos Ruling

The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of a mayor's power to order demolition without court intervention, reinforcing due process and property rights.

SEC Quasi-Legislative Power: When Courts Can Review Agency Regulations

The Supreme Court clarifies when courts may review SEC regulations and why injunctions against the agency were improper in the PSE voting rights case.

Foreclosure Judgments Must State Amount and Payment Period: Lontoc v. Tiglao

A foreclosure judgment must specify the exact amount due and the payment period under Rule 68, Section 2, or it cannot be executed.

Enforcing Foreign Arbitral Awards in the Philippines: The Authentication Requirement

Learn why authenticated arbitration agreements are jurisdictional requirements for enforcing foreign arbitral awards in Philippine courts, as ruled in Manis Shipping.

Motion to Withdraw Information: When Courts Must Assess Evidence Before Dismissal

Courts must independently assess evidence before granting a motion to withdraw information. Learn the rules from a recent Sandiganbayan case.

Double Jeopardy in the Philippines: When an Acquittal Becomes Final

Philippine law protects acquitted persons from retrial through double jeopardy. Learn the rule, its narrow exceptions, and key case law.

Final and Executory Judgments: The Doctrine of Immutability in Philippine Courts

Once a judgment becomes final and executory, courts cannot revisit it. Learn the doctrine of immutability, its exceptions, and key lessons from a recent Supreme Court ruling.

Condonation Doctrine: Limits on Administrative Liability for Re-elected Officials

The Supreme Court clarifies the condonation doctrine's scope, applying it only to elected officials re-elected before April 12, 2016.

Due Process and Summons: Supreme Court Ruling on Unresolved Motions for Reconsideration

The Supreme Court clarifies that ignoring a motion for reconsideration violates due process, while explaining how courts acquire jurisdiction over defendants.

Sula v. COMELEC: Supreme Court Upholds Cotabato City’s Inclusion in BARMM

Supreme Court affirms COMELEC’s conduct of the Bangsamoro plebiscite, upholding Cotabato City’s inclusion in BARMM as the people’s will.

Final CIAC Awards Binding on COA: Supreme Court Limits Audit Body's Review Power

Supreme Court ruling in Sunway Builders v. COA confirms COA cannot modify final CIAC arbitration awards, limiting its role to execution and payment.

Lascivious Conduct Under RA 7610: The Trocio Case on Child Abuse

The Supreme Court clarifies what constitutes lascivious conduct under RA 7610, holding a doctor liable for abusing a minor patient.

Hierarchy of Courts in Certiorari Petitions: Lessons from Nacionales v. Solde-Annogui

The Supreme Court reaffirms the hierarchy of courts doctrine, requiring certiorari petitions to start at the RTC, not the High Court.

Cockfighting Regulations in the Philippines: The Bonghanoy Ruling on PD 449

The Supreme Court's Bonghanoy ruling clarifies when cockfighting events for tourists and balikbayans may be held outside licensed cockpits under PD 449.

Execution Pending Appeal in Ejectment Cases: Immediate Judgment Enforcement in the Philippines

Learn how execution pending appeal works in Philippine ejectment cases, including the mandatory rule and key Supreme Court rulings.

Probable Cause in Estafa Cases: Insights from Favis-Velasco v. Gonzales

Learn how the Supreme Court defined probable cause in estafa cases and why solid evidence matters in fraud complaints.

Executing a Labor Judgment Does Not Bar Certiorari: Due Process in Labor Disputes

Forced compliance with a writ of execution does not waive an employer's right to challenge a labor ruling via certiorari, the Supreme Court held.

Late Evidence and the Judicial Affidavit Rule: Lara's Gift v. PNB General Insurers

The Supreme Court clarifies when trial courts may admit late evidence and supplemental judicial affidavits under the Judicial Affidavit Rule.

Administrative Due Process and Bank Secrecy: The Sibayan v. Alda Ruling

The Supreme Court clarifies how administrative due process and bank secrecy limits discovery in BSP proceedings, as shown in Sibayan v. Alda.