Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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Judicial Accountability and Timely Resolution of Cases as a Duty
A bank's premature debiting of a postdated check and the judiciary's duty to resolve cases promptly, explained.
Estafa and the Timing of Deceit: Lessons from the Cardenas Case
When must deceit exist for estafa by postdated check? The Cardenas ruling clarifies the timing requirement under Article 315.
Postdated Checks and Estafa: When a Bouncing Check Becomes a Crime
The Supreme Court clarifies when issuing postdated checks with insufficient funds constitutes estafa under the Revised Penal Code.
Burden of Proof in Estafa: Proving Deceit Beyond Reasonable Doubt in Bouncing Check Cases
Postdated checks don't automatically mean estafa. The Supreme Court explains why deceit must be proven beyond reasonable doubt.
Bouncing Checks and Guarantees: Alonto v. People and the Reach of BP 22
The Supreme Court clarifies when a postdated check issued as a guarantee still violates the Bouncing Checks Law, BP 22.
Checks as Guarantee in Loan Agreements: No Estafa Without Deceit
Supreme Court clarifies that postdated checks as loan guarantees do not constitute estafa absent proof of fraud or deceit.
BP 22 and Credit Lines: When a Stop Payment Order Doesnt Imply Insufficient Funds
Learn when a stop payment order on a postdated check does not automatically mean insufficient funds under BP 22, and how credit lines affect liability.
Bouncing Checks and Estafa: How Issuing Worthless Checks Can Lead to Fraud Convictions
Learn how issuing postdated checks with closed accounts can result in both B.P. 22 violations and estafa convictions under Philippine law.
Bouncing Checks Law: When Issuing Postdated Checks Leads to Imprisonment
The Supreme Court affirms imprisonment for twelve counts of B.P. 22 violations, clarifying when fines alone are insufficient and why each worthless check is a separate offense.
Deceptive Check Issuance and Fraud in Estafa Cases Involving Postdated Checks
When does issuing a postdated check become estafa? The Supreme Court explains the crucial role of deceit in People v. Panganiban.
Bouncing Checks Law: When a Valid Cause to Stop Payment Defeats a Conviction
The Supreme Court acquits a buyer who stopped payment on postdated checks due to a developer's failure to complete a townhouse project.
When a Bouncing Check Isn't Estafa: Checks as Loan Security in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when postdated checks given as loan security, not payment, cannot result in estafa conviction.