Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 289311 of 311 articles for penalties

Lascivious Conduct Under RA 7610: What People v. Larin Teaches About Child Protection

Understand lascivious conduct under RA 7610 through People v. Larin, and how Philippine law protects children from sexual abuse.

Robbery vs. Highway Robbery in the Philippines: Key Distinctions Explained

Philippine law distinguishes simple robbery from highway robbery under P.D. 532. Learn how the Supreme Court clarified this crucial difference.

Presumption of Illegal Fishing: What Fishermen Need to Know About Dynamite Fishing Laws in the Philippines

Learn how Philippine courts apply the presumption of illegal fishing in dynamite fishing cases, what evidence convicts, and the penalties under P.D. 704.

Lumber vs. Timber: What Illegal Logging Laws Mean for Your Business

The Supreme Court ruled that lumber is timber under Philippine forestry law. Know what documents you need to avoid illegal possession charges.

Failure to File Corporate By-Laws: Not Automatic Dissolution in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling clarifies that failing to file corporate by-laws on time does not automatically dissolve a corporation.

Volunteer or Employee? The Control Test in Philippine Labor Law

Learn how the control test determines employee status in the Philippines, using the landmark Filipinas Broadcasting v. NLRC case.

The Limits of Mission Orders: When Can Civilians Carry Firearms Legally in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on mission orders, civilian firearm possession, and the limits of authority to issue gun permits.

Habitual Absenteeism of Government Employees: Penalties and Lessons from a Supreme Court Ruling

Habitual absenteeism is a grave offense for Philippine government employees. Learn the rules, penalties, and key lessons from a landmark Supreme Court case.

Illegal Firearm Possession: Understanding the Nuances of Philippine Law

Learn how Philippine courts decide illegal firearm possession cases, from warrantless searches to penalties under RA 8294.

Buy-Bust Operations in the Philippines: Entrapment vs. Instigation Explained

Understand the legal line between entrapment and instigation in Philippine buy-bust operations, and what the Supreme Court's ruling in People v. De Vera means for drug cases.

Dynamite Fishing in the Philippines: Laws, Penalties, and the People vs. Vergara Case

Learn the Philippine law against dynamite fishing, penalties under P.D. 704, and key lessons from People vs. Vergara.

Accomplice Liability: How Participation Level Determines Criminal Responsibility

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a participant in a crime is an accomplice, not a principal, and how courts determine the proper penalty.

Admissibility of Extrajudicial Confessions: Safeguarding Rights in Philippine Criminal Law

The Supreme Court clarifies the four requirements for admissible extrajudicial confessions and what makes counsel "competent and independent" in custodial investigations.

Withdrawing a Criminal Appeal in the Philippines: Rights and Limits After Conviction

Can a convicted person withdraw a criminal appeal in the Philippines? People v. Redulosa explains the right, limits, and consequences.

Death Penalty in the Philippines: Compelling Reasons and Heinous Crimes

The Supreme Court clarifies when the death penalty applies for heinous crimes and why reclusion perpetua remains an indivisible penalty under Philippine law.

Reclusion Perpetua in Philippine Law: Why It Remains an Indivisible Penalty

The Supreme Court clarifies that reclusion perpetua remains an indivisible penalty despite RA 7659, explaining its true duration and application in drug cases.

Treachery (Alevosia) in Philippine Murder Cases: The Apawan Ruling Explained

Learn how treachery (alevosia) qualifies a killing as murder under Philippine law, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in People vs. Apawan.

Illegal Recruitment and Estafa in the Philippines: Key Lessons from a Supreme Court Case

Learn how Philippine courts handle illegal recruitment and estafa, and what job seekers must know to avoid scams.

Attempted Rape in the Philippines: Elements, Intent, and Legal Consequences

Learn the legal distinction between consummated and attempted rape in the Philippines, including the elements of intent, overt acts, and interruption.

Understanding Illegal Logging and Timber Possession Laws in the Philippines

The Supreme Court clarifies that possessing lumber without legal documents is a crime under the Revised Forestry Code, explaining key rules on seizure and confiscation.

Deducting Bad Debts in the Philippines: Proving Worthlessness for Tax Purposes

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the strict requirements for deducting bad debts for tax purposes, emphasizing documentary proof of worthlessness.

Eyewitness Testimony and Self-Defense: Lessons from People v. Rosales

The Supreme Court explains when eyewitness testimony prevails over self-defense claims and how courts assess treachery in Philippine criminal cases.

Conflict of Interest Under RA 3019: The Domingo Case on Public Office Integrity

A mayor's conviction for conflict of interest under RA 3019 Section 3(h) shows why public officials must avoid even the appearance of impropriety.