Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 409432 of 1,652 articles for corporation

Limits on Allowances When Public Funds Demand Strict Interpretation

The Supreme Court upheld COA's disallowance of PhilHealth board allowances, ruling that public funds demand strict interpretation of what the law allows.

Upholding Contractual Freedom: Injunctive Relief and the Limits of Exclusivity in Lottery Operations

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when injunctive relief fails absent a clear legal right, using the PCSO-PGMC lottery lease dispute.

Piercing the Corporate Veil: Individual Liability for Corporate Fraud

When can directors be personally liable for corporate fraud? The Supreme Court clarifies the rules on piercing the corporate veil.

Upholding Redemption Rights: The Validity of an Irrevocable Power of Attorney in Land Disputes

Supreme Court ruling on irrevocable power of attorney, land redemption, and compromise agreements in Philippine civil law.

Condominium Foreclosure: When Does a Corporation Have Authority to Foreclose?

Supreme Court clarifies when a condominium corporation may extra-judicially foreclose a unit for unpaid assessments under the Condominium Act.

Right to Preliminary Investigation: When the Ombudsman's Failure to Serve the Complaint Violates Due Process

The Supreme Court rules that withholding the complaint affidavit during preliminary investigation violates the accused's constitutional right to due process.

Prescription and Probable Cause: Protecting Public Officials From Stale Charges

The Supreme Court affirms the Ombudsman's dismissal of behest loan charges, clarifying prescription periods and probable cause requirements under RA 3019.

Immediate Execution of Ombudsman Decisions: Protecting Public Service Integrity

Learn why Ombudsman dismissal orders take effect immediately despite pending motions for reconsideration, and what this means for public officers.

When a Corporate President Can Act Without Board Approval: Key Lessons from Colegio Medico v. Lim

A corporate president may act without board approval in ordinary business matters. Learn the rules from this Supreme Court case.

Corporate President's Authority to Sign Demand Letters and Verification in Unlawful Detainer

Supreme Court clarifies when a corporate president may validly issue demand letters and sign pleadings without a board resolution.

Loss of Trust and Confidence as Just Cause: Balancing Employer Rights and Due Process in Termination Cases

The Supreme Court clarifies when loss of trust and confidence justifies dismissal, and when employers still owe employees procedural due process.

Barangay Dispute Resolution Lawyers Barred From Lupon Appearances

The Supreme Court clarifies that lawyers cannot appear before the Lupon Tagapamayapa, preserving the informal, conciliatory character of barangay justice.

Proving Tenancy in Philippine Agrarian Law: Evidence and Burden of Proof

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on what evidence is needed to prove agricultural tenancy and why certifications alone do not establish tenancy rights.

Extraordinary Diligence: Carrier Liability for Misdelivered Goods

When a courier delivers to the wrong person, the shipment is legally "lost." The Supreme Court explains carrier liability and the limits of air waybill exemptions.

Tenancy Rights vs. Co-Ownership: Proving Agricultural Tenancy in Land Disputes

The Supreme Court clarifies that tenancy is a legal relationship that must be proven by substantial evidence, not presumed from mere occupation.

Establishing Tenancy Requires Concrete Evidence: Landowner Rights Upheld

Supreme Court rules tenancy cannot be presumed; claimants must prove all elements with substantial evidence, not mere certifications.

Double Taxation and Refund of Erroneously Paid Local Business Taxes in Manila

Supreme Court clarifies when a taxpayer can refund local business taxes after protesting an assessment and paying under protest in Manila.

Prescription in Tax Assessment: Taxpayers' Right to a Timely Assessment

When does the BIR lose its right to assess taxes? The Supreme Court clarifies prescription rules and valid waivers in CIR v. BPI.

Trademark Ownership Rests on Prior Use, But Related Goods Still Matter

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies trademark ownership via prior use and the test for related goods in SAKURA dispute.

Project Employment in Construction: Defining Scope and Tenure in the Philippines

The Supreme Court clarifies when construction workers are project employees, not regular employees, and what benefits they retain.

Electricity Disconnection: Utility's Duty to Inspect and Provide Notice

When can a distribution utility disconnect electric service? The Supreme Court clarifies the duty to inspect meters and give proper notice.

Ombudsman's Discretion in Evaluating Criminal Complaints: Key Lessons from Espaldon v. Buban

The Supreme Court clarifies that the Ombudsman's discretionary dismissal under Section 20 of R.A. 6770 applies only to administrative, not criminal, complaints.

Reformation of Instruments When a Written Contract Fails to Reflect True Intentions

Philippine Supreme Court explains when courts may reform a written contract to reflect the parties' true intentions, citing Article 1359.

Unregistered Real Estate Mortgages: Valid Between Parties Despite Formal Defects

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that defective notarization or registration of a real estate mortgage does not invalidate it between the parties.