Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 2540 of 40 articles for disciplinary action

Voluntary Arbitration vs. Labor Arbiter: Philippine Labor Dispute Jurisdiction

When does voluntary arbitration prevail over Labor Arbiter jurisdiction? The Supreme Court clarifies in University of the Immaculate Conception v. NLRC.

Loafing in the Workplace: Philippine Law, Penalties, and the Fortaleza Case

Learn what constitutes loafing under Philippine law, its penalties for government employees, and key lessons from a Supreme Court ruling.

Immorality in the Workplace: When Personal Conduct Leads to Professional Consequences

A Supreme Court ruling shows how a government employee's extramarital affair constituted disgraceful and immoral conduct, even after resignation.

PCG Disciplinary Authority: Supreme Court Upholds Coast Guard’s Separate Administrative System

Supreme Court affirms the PCG Efficiency and Separation Board’s power to discipline uniformed personnel, distinct from civil service rules.

Willful Failure to Pay Just Debts: Disciplinary Risks for Philippine Government Employees

Philippine public servants can face administrative discipline for willful failure to pay just debts, even after settlement. Learn the rules and risks.

Conflict of Interest and Private Practice: Lessons from Lim-Santiago v. Sagucio

A disbarment case clarifies when a lawyer's past ties create a conflict and why government prosecutors cannot practice privately.

Sleeping on the Job: When Can Philippine Employers Terminate for Just Cause?

Philippine employers may terminate employees for sleeping on duty if company rules are violated, but due process and proportionality still matter.

Illegal Preventive Suspension in the Philippines: The Gatbonton Case and Employee Rights

When is preventive suspension illegal in the Philippines? The Gatbonton v. Mapua ruling explains due process, publication of rules, and back wages.

Grave Threats Case: Why Judges Must Apply Summary Procedure Correctly

In Riño v. Cawaling, the Supreme Court fined a judge for gross ignorance of the law in misapplying summary procedure in a grave threats case.

GOCC vs. Private Corporation: Labor Jurisdiction and the Philippine National Red Cross Case

Learn how the Supreme Court's charter test determines whether an employer is a GOCC and which tribunal—CSC or NLRC—has jurisdiction over labor disputes.

Loss of Trust and Confidence as a Valid Ground for Dismissal: The Vitarich Case

Philippine law requires more than an employer's mere assertion of lost trust to justify dismissal. Learn the rules from Vitarich v. NLRC.

Can Philippine Universities Revoke Degrees? Academic Integrity and Due Process

The Supreme Court affirms a university's power to revoke degrees obtained through fraud, provided due process is observed.

Managerial vs. Supervisory Employees: Unionization Rights Under Philippine Labor Law

Learn how Philippine law distinguishes managerial from supervisory employees and why misclassification can block unionization rights.

Unwritten Company Policy and Illegal Dismissal: The Bangloy Case

Can an employee be fired under an unwritten policy? The Bangloy case shows why written, communicated rules are vital in Philippine labor law.

Can Employers Ban Marriage? The Illegality of Anti-Marriage Policies in the Philippines

Philippine law bans anti-marriage policies for women. Learn the rules, the PT&T case, and what to do if dismissed for getting married.

Mental Incapacity as a Ground for Dismissal: The Alagaban Case and Due Process in Philippine Labor Law

Philippine law allows dismissal for mental incapacity, but only with strict due process. The Alagaban case shows how courts balance employee rights and workplace efficiency.