Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

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Supreme Court on COLA Back Pay for Water District Employees: Good Faith Excuses Refund

The Supreme Court ruled that water district employees need not refund disallowed COLA back pay, citing good faith and the integration of allowances under the Salary Standardization Law.

Disallowed Government Benefits and Good Faith Refund Rules: Zamboanga City Water District v. COA

When do government employees and officers have to refund disallowed benefits? The Supreme Court clarifies the good faith rule in this case.

Stare Decisis in Retrenchment Cases: When Prior Rulings Bind Similar Claims

The Supreme Court applies stare decisis to deny reconsideration in a retrenchment case, affirming that identical issues and parties with common interest are bound by prior rulings.

Regular vs. Fixed-Term Employment: Security of Tenure Under Philippine Labor Law

The Supreme Court clarifies when fixed-term employment is valid and when it violates a worker's security of tenure under Philippine labor law.

Retaliatory Dismissal: Protecting Employees Who Assert Their Rights

The Supreme Court affirms that firing workers for filing labor complaints violates security of tenure and constitutes illegal dismissal.

When a Blessing Becomes an Illegal Marriage Ceremony: The Ronulo Case

The Supreme Court clarifies when a priest's blessing of a couple without a marriage license becomes an illegal marriage ceremony under Article 352 of the Revised Penal Code.

Tax Refund vs Tax Credit: Execution Requirements in Local Tax Disputes

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a writ of execution is needed for tax refunds or tax credits in local tax disputes.

CARP Exemption for Livestock Farms: Proof Must Be Exclusive and Timely

Landowners seeking CARP exemption for livestock raising must prove exclusive use as of June 15, 1988, not just belated claims.

Corporate Authority and Double Taxation: Lessons from Swedish Match Philippines

Supreme Court clarifies rules on corporate authority in tax refund cases and double taxation under local business tax ordinances.

Judicial Ethics: Court Employee Cannot Buy Litigated Property

Court employees must avoid acquiring property in litigation, even outside their court's jurisdiction, to uphold judicial integrity.

Management Prerogative vs Employee Benefits: When Removing Workplace Chairs Is Valid

Supreme Court ruling on when management can remove workplace amenities without violating labor laws or the non-diminution rule.

Annulment of Judgment Protects Due Process in Property Disputes

Supreme Court clarifies that failure to state "extrinsic fraud" verbatim does not doom a petition for annulment of judgment.

Annulment of Judgment: Extrinsic Fraud and Due Process in Property Disputes

When a property owner loses title without notice, annulment of judgment may lie. The Supreme Court clarifies extrinsic fraud and due process rules.

Retrenchment Validity: Balancing Employer Prerogative and Employee Security of Tenure

The Supreme Court clarifies the requisites for valid retrenchment and when quitclaims bar illegal dismissal claims in Pepsi-Cola v. Molon.

Demurrage Recovery in the Philippines: How Subrogation Protects Payers

Learn how legal subrogation allows an indent representative to collect demurrage from a defaulting buyer, as ruled by the Supreme Court.

When Prohibition Fails: Understanding the Limits of Extraordinary Writs in Philippine Courts

The Supreme Court clarifies when certiorari may be used despite a pending information, and how fair reporting protects the press from libel.

Conspiracy in Philippine Drug Cases: When Shared Intent Leads to Conviction

Learn how Philippine courts prove conspiracy in drug cases, where coordinated actions can convict multiple persons even if drugs are found on only one.

Compromise Agreements in Labor Cases: When Settlements Are Final and Binding

The Supreme Court affirms a compromise agreement between Coca-Cola and workers, explaining when quitclaims and settlements are valid and binding.

Just Compensation in Agrarian Reform: Courts Must Follow DAR Valuation Formula

Philippine Supreme Court rules that courts must apply DAR's mandatory valuation formula under RA 6657 in determining just compensation for agrarian reform lands.

Chain of Custody in Drug Cases: Why Broken Links Mean Acquittal

The Supreme Court acquits a drug suspect over broken chain of custody, underscoring the strict rule on preserving evidence integrity.

Breach of Trust and Confidence: Upholding Termination of Supervisory Employees in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on valid dismissal of supervisory employees for breach of trust and confidence in Coca-Cola Bottlers case.

Union Shop Steward Is a Union Position: Lessons from Miranda v. Asian Terminals

The Supreme Court clarifies that a shop steward holds a union position, not a company post, and explains the limits of employer liability in intra-union disputes.

Double Sale and Good Faith Registration: Pagaduan v. Ocuma on Property Rights

Explore how the Supreme Court ruled on double sale, good faith registration, and prescription in Pagaduan v. Ocuma.

Labor-Only Contracting: When a Principal Becomes the True Employer

Supreme Court ruling on labor-only contracting and when a principal becomes the true employer of contractual workers.