Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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Reformation of Instruments When a Written Contract Fails to Reflect True Intentions
Philippine Supreme Court explains when courts may reform a written contract to reflect the parties' true intentions, citing Article 1359.
Superior Strength and Criminal Intent: The Oscar Mat-an Murder Case
The Supreme Court clarifies when abuse of superior strength qualifies killing as murder and why intent to kill matters for attempted crimes.
Caveat Venditor Upholding Good Faith in Real Estate Transactions
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies how good faith and apparent authority negate criminal intent in property takings, protecting honest actors.
Good Faith Belief and Lack of Intent: Understanding Theft in Corporate Contexts
The Supreme Court clarifies when good faith belief in authority negates theft intent and owner consent in corporate settings.
Abandonment Requires Clear Intent Protecting Employees From Unjust Dismissal
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that abandonment of work requires clear intent to sever employment, not mere absence from work.
Robbery with Rape: Proving Intent and Credibility of Victim Testimony
The Supreme Court affirms a robbery with rape conviction, explaining how intent to rob and credible victim testimony establish guilt.
Accidental Shooting or Intentional Harm: Distinguishing Homicide From Murder in Philippine Law
The Supreme Court explains when a fatal shooting is homicide, not murder, and why the information must allege treachery as a fact.
Robbery With Homicide: How Intent and Treachery Shape the Crime
Explaining the Supreme Court ruling on robbery with homicide, intent to rob, and treachery as an aggravating circumstance.
Suicide and Seafarers' Death Benefits: Proving Intentional Self-Harm in Maritime Claims
When can a shipping company deny death benefits by proving a seafarer committed suicide? The Supreme Court explains the evidentiary standard.
Kidnapping for Ransom: Convictions Upheld on Positive Identification and Collective Intent
The Supreme Court affirms kidnapping-for-ransom convictions, explaining how positive identification and conspiracy establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt.
SALN Non-Disclosure: Intent Matters in Administrative Penalties for Public Officials
The Supreme Court clarifies that mere SALN omissions do not automatically mean dishonesty—intent to deceive must be shown.
When Absence Doesnt Mean Abandonment Protecting Employee Rights Against Unsubstantiated Dismissals
The Supreme Court clarifies that abandonment requires clear intent, not mere absence, and employers must prove both elements.
Arbitration Agreements Need Not Be Signed: CIAC Jurisdiction in Construction Disputes
Philippine Supreme Court rules that an arbitration agreement need not be signed to vest CIAC jurisdiction over construction disputes, as long as intent is clear in writing.
Masked Intent Identifying Perpetrators In Robbery With Homicide Cases
How Philippine courts convict masked robbers through familiarity with build, voice, and mannerism, not just facial identification.
Intent to Kill: Distinguishing Frustrated Homicide From Physical Injuries in Philippine Law
The Supreme Court explains how intent to kill separates frustrated homicide from physical injuries, and why a gunshot wound proves it.
Possession of Illegal Drugs: How Philippine Courts Prove Intent Beyond Reasonable Doubt
In Luy v. People, the Supreme Court explains how intent to possess illegal drugs is proved, and why mere denial rarely defeats a charge under R.A. 9165.
Discernment Requirement for Minors: Key Lessons from Dorado v. People
Supreme Court clarifies that discernment, not intent, determines criminal liability of minors aged 15-18 under RA 9344.
Protecting Children: Defining Child Abuse and Criminal Intent Under Philippine Law
The Supreme Court clarifies when a physical assault on a child is child abuse under R.A. 7610, and how criminal intent is established.
Negligence vs Intent: When a Lawyer's Careless Accommodation Becomes Misconduct
The Supreme Court distinguishes negligence from intentional misconduct in Cruz v. Reyes, reprimanding a lawyer for careless accommodation of another counsel's requests.
Fugitive From Justice Ruling: Intent to Evade Must Be Proven for Disqualification
Supreme Court explains what makes a candidate a "fugitive from justice" and why intent to evade prosecution must be proven.
Child Abuse vs Slight Physical Injuries: The Intent Requirement in Philippine Law
When does a slap on a child become child abuse under RA 7610, and when is it only slight physical injuries? The Supreme Court clarifies the role of intent.
Sale vs Donation: How Courts Determine the True Intent Behind Property Transfers
Philippine Supreme Court explains how to distinguish a simulated donation from a real sale, and why building a house on another's land does not create co-ownership.
Marijuana Transportation Establishing Intent and Upholding Chain of Custody in Drug Cases
A look at how Philippine courts establish intent in marijuana transportation cases and apply the chain of custody rule under RA 9165.
Treachery in Murder Cases: Intent, Witness Credibility, and the Weight of Alibi
The Supreme Court affirms a murder conviction for a shooting qualified by treachery, clarifying witness credibility and the defense of alibi.