Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 145168 of 234 articles for contracts

Contractual Obligations and Third Party Rights in Property Lease Disputes

Supreme Court ruling on when lease penalties bind only contracting parties, not property owners who are third parties to the contract.

Binding Amicable Settlements: Understanding Repudiation in Barangay Justice

When is a barangay amicable settlement binding? The Supreme Court explains repudiation rules under the Local Government Code.

Establishing Landlord-Tenant Relationship: The Core of Ejectment Suits in the Philippines

A landlord-tenant relationship is essential in ejectment cases. The Supreme Court explains who may file an unlawful detainer suit.

Waiver of Contractual Conditions in the Philippines: Lessons from Gonzales v. Lim

Learn when a party waives a contractual condition under Philippine law, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Gonzales v. Lim.

Future Inheritance Contracts Are Void: Arrogante v. Deliarte Explained

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on void contracts over future inheritance, and the exceptions that can save family property arrangements.

Contract Rescission and RTC Jurisdiction: Lessons from Villena v. Payoyo

When rescinding a contract is the primary remedy, the case belongs in the Regional Trial Court—even if the monetary claim is small.

Land as Attorney’s Fees: Enforcing Written Contracts for Legal Services in the Philippines

Philippine courts uphold written attorney’s fee contracts, even those paid in land, provided the essential elements of a valid contract are present.

Burden of Proof in Labor Cases: Supreme Court Upholds Employee Rights in Wage Disputes

Philippine Supreme Court ruling clarifies that employers bear the burden of proof in labor standards cases, protecting workers' claims for unpaid wages.

Piercing the Corporate Veil in the Philippines: When Parent Companies Pay Subsidiary Debts

Philippine courts can hold parent companies liable for subsidiary debts when the subsidiary is a mere instrumentality. Learn the rules from General Credit v. Alsons.

Automatic Contract Cancellation in the Philippines: Grace Periods and Buyer Obligations

Missed payments on a Contract to Sell can trigger automatic cancellation. Learn the rules from Santiago v. Court of Appeals.

Exclusivity Clauses in Philippine Contracts: When Are They Valid?

Exclusivity clauses are not automatically invalid restraints of trade in the Philippines. They are enforceable when reasonable and tied to legitimate business interests.

Debt Recovery Gone Wrong Understanding Abuse of Rights in Property Repossession Uypitching vs Quiamco

Explore abuse of rights in debt recovery and property repossession through the Supreme Court ruling in Uypitching vs Quiamco.

When a Missing Marriage License Doesn't Void a Marriage: Sevilla v. Cardenas

The Supreme Court explains when a missing marriage license does not automatically make a marriage void, and why proof matters.

Donations to Unregistered Organizations in the Philippines: When Are They Valid?

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on donations to unregistered organizations: why juridical personality matters and what donors and groups must know.

Usury Law and Contractual Obligations: Striking the Balance in Loan Agreements

The Supreme Court clarifies how the Usury Law interacts with loan restructuring, refinancing, and the binding force of contracts in DBP v. CA.

Equitable Mortgage vs Absolute Sale: What Philippine Courts Look For

When is a deed of sale really a mortgage? The Supreme Court explains the rules on equitable mortgage in Cirelos v. Hernandez.

Mortgage Still Valid Loan Restructuring AND Novation IN THE Philippines Reyes V BPI Family Savings Bank

When does loan restructuring cancel a real estate mortgage? The Supreme Court explains novation rules in Reyes v. BPI Family Savings Bank.

Simulated Contracts in the Philippines: Intent, Validity, and the Valerio Case

Learn how Philippine courts decide simulated contracts by examining party intent, absolute vs. relative simulation, and the Valerio ruling.

Mayor's Authority to Sign Contracts: Local Government Powers Under Philippine Law

Learn when a city mayor can validly sign contracts for the local government, based on a Philippine Supreme Court ruling on market stall leases.

Lease Renewal in the Philippines: What "Upon Agreement" Really Means

A lease "renewable upon agreement" requires mutual consent—no automatic renewal. Learn the rules from Josefa v. San Buenaventura.

Implied Tenancy in Philippine Agrarian Law: Security of Tenure Beyond Written Contracts

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on implied tenancy, forged contracts, and security of tenure for agricultural tenants under RA 1199.

Contractor’s Liens and Privity of Contract: Lessons from Jan-Dec Construction v. FTI

A contractor’s lien under Article 2242 has limits—privity of contract and the right remedy matter. Learn from Jan-Dec Construction v. FTI.

SSS Death Benefits for Legal Spouses: Separation Agreements and Beneficiary Rights

A look at how Philippine law treats legal spouses as SSS primary beneficiaries despite separation agreements, and the procedural lessons from a 2006 Supreme Court ruling.

Burden of Proof in Insurance Claims: Insurers Must Prove Policy Exclusions Apply

When an insurer denies a claim citing a policy exclusion, Philippine law requires the insurer to prove the exception applies—mere suspicion is not enough.