Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 17771800 of 2,126 articles for commission

Valid Votes Are King: Why Philippine Election Protests Hinge on Ballots, Not Badges of Fraud

The Supreme Court nullified a trial court ruling that set aside valid vote tallies based on "badges of fraud," reaffirming that plurality of valid votes decides election contests.

Public Bidding vs. Right of First Refusal: Fair Competition in Government Asset Sales

Supreme Court ruling on how the right to top a bid undermines competitive public bidding in government asset sales.

Loss of Trust and Confidence as a Valid Ground for Dismissal: The Vitarich Case

Philippine law requires more than an employer's mere assertion of lost trust to justify dismissal. Learn the rules from Vitarich v. NLRC.

Philippine Notarization Rules: Why Signatory Presence Before a Notary Is Non-Negotiable

The Supreme Court suspends a notary for notarizing a deed after the signatory's death, underscoring that notarization demands personal appearance.

Malicious Prosecution: Protecting Reputation and Business Interests From Unfounded Legal Claims

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when filing a baseless lawsuit becomes malicious prosecution, entitling victims to moral, exemplary, and compensatory damages.

Reinstatement or Separation Pay: Employer Obligations After Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines

Philippine labor law on illegal dismissal: when reinstatement is ordered, when separation pay applies, and the employer's obligations.

Distinguishing Consummated From Attempted Rape: Why Proof of Penetration Matters in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court explains why an intact hymen does not negate rape, as even slight penetration consummates the crime.

Demolition Orders and Road Right of Way: Understanding Philippine Property Law

A Supreme Court ruling clarifies when courts may order demolition of structures obstructing an established road right of way.

Unmasking Simulated Sales: Why a Notarized Deed Doesnt Guarantee a Valid Property Transfer in the Philippines

A notarized deed of sale is not always proof of a valid transfer. Learn how Philippine courts look beyond documents to determine true ownership.

When Self Defense Fails Understanding Unlawful Aggression AND Proportionality IN Philippine LAW

Explore when self-defense fails in Philippine law through People v. Dayuha, examining unlawful aggression and proportionality requirements.

Conspiracy in Philippine Criminal Law: How Group Actions Can Lead to Equal Liability

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on conspiracy, group liability, and when co-accused share equal criminal responsibility.

Demurrer to Evidence in the Philippines: When Can a Criminal Case Be Dismissed for Insufficient Proof

Learn when Philippine courts grant a demurrer to evidence, the certiorari exception, and how inadmissible prosecution evidence can lead to acquittal.

Vague Dates in Rape Informations: When Approximate Time Is Enough

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on whether vague dates in rape informations violate the accused's right to be informed, and why approximate time suffices.

Land Classification and Agrarian Reform Zoning Maps Prevail Over Tax Declarations

Supreme Court rules zoning maps and land use plans, not tax declarations, determine CARP coverage. Learn the key principles.

Employee vs. Independent Contractor: The Four-Fold Test Under Philippine Law

The Supreme Court's ruling in Corporal v. NLRC clarifies when workers are true employees, not independent contractors, under Philippine labor law.

Unlicensed Firearm Use in the Philippines: When Illegal Possession Becomes an Aggravating Circumstance

Philippine law changed how unlicensed firearm use in killings is punished. Learn the rule from the Samonte case.

Amnesty in the Philippines: Erasing Criminal Liability for Political Offenses — Lessons from People v. Patriar

How Philippine amnesty works, what it erases, and why the Supreme Court acquitted an NPA member in People v. Patriarca.

Credibility in Rape Cases: Why Minor Inconsistencies Don't Always Matter in Philippine Courts

Philippine Supreme Court explains why minor inconsistencies in a rape victim's testimony do not destroy credibility, especially in incestuous rape cases.

Work-Related Heart Disease: Proving Your Employee Compensation Claim in the Philippines

Learn how the Supreme Court ruled on work-related heart disease claims under PD 626, and what evidence employees need to prove compensability.

Proving Work-Related Illness Claims: Substantial Evidence Standard in Philippine Employee Compensation

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies substantial evidence standard for work-related illness compensation claims under P.D. 626, as amended.

Recall Resolutions and Timing: Why Official Capacity Matters Under Philippine Election Law

Learn from Afiado v. COMELEC why recall resolutions must target the right office at the right time under the Local Government Code.

Navigating Sequestration: Why Courts Scrutinize Compromises Involving Public Assets

The Supreme Court explains why sequestered assets like SMC shares require Sandiganbayan approval before any compromise takes effect.

Ponzi Schemes and Investment Scams in the Philippines: Supreme Court Ruling on Large Scale Swindling and Estaf

The Supreme Court explains when a Ponzi scheme constitutes large scale swindling and estafa under Philippine law.

Statute of Limitations in Philippine Contract Law: The 10-Year Rule for Written Contracts

Learn the 10-year prescriptive period for written contracts in the Philippines, when it starts, and how the Supreme Court applied it in a stock pledge dispute.