Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 21132136 of 4,512 articles for tro

From Double Murder to Arson: How Intent Shapes Criminal Liability in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court explains when setting fire to a house is murder or arson, and why intent determines the crime.

NPC Not Exempt from Legal Fees: Supreme Court Clarifies Rule on Court Fees

The Supreme Court clarifies that the National Power Corporation must pay filing fees and other legal fees, affirming the Court's exclusive power over procedural rules.

Supreme Court Upholds VAT Refund Law for Foreign Tourists: A Win for Philippine Tourism

The Supreme Court upheld RA 12079's VAT refund for foreign tourists, ruling it does not violate equal protection or uniform taxation.

Confession and Circumstantial Evidence Sustaining Conviction in Rape with Homicide Cases

The Supreme Court explains when a spontaneous confession is admissible and how circumstantial evidence alone can prove rape with homicide.

Partnership Disputes: Proving a Partnership Without a Formal Agreement

When no written partnership contract exists, courts look to conduct and circumstances. This case shows how to prove or disprove an informal partnership.

Love Conquers All: Marriage Extinguishes Rape Conviction Under Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court absolves a convicted rapist after marrying the victim, citing provisions of the Revised Penal Code on marriage as extinguishing criminal liability.

Private Contractors Can Be Held Liable Under the Anti-Graft Law for Conspiring With Public Officers

The Supreme Court affirms that private individuals who conspire with public officers in graft cases can be held liable under Section 3(e) of RA 3019.

When a Family Trust Fails: Proving Partnership and Ownership After Death

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies how to prove a partnership existed and who owns family assets when a relative dies without formal documents.

Parental Authority vs Incest: Upholding Conviction in Qualified Rape Cases

Supreme Court affirms qualified rape conviction of father, ruling that a father's moral ascendancy substitutes for force and resistance in incestuous rape.

Lump Sum vs. Unit Price in Land Sales: The Del Prado v. Caballero Rule

Philippine land sale disputes often hinge on lump sum versus unit price contracts. The Supreme Court's ruling in Del Prado v. Caballero clarifies the rules.

Eminent Domain Revisited: When Expropriated Land Must Be Returned After Public Use Ceases

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when former owners can reclaim expropriated property if the public purpose is abandoned or never pursued.

Gun Store Owners' Negligence Liability for Accidental Shooting Ruled by Supreme Court

Supreme Court holds gun store owner liable for negligence after defective firearm left loaded in unlocked drawer causes fatal accidental shooting.

Buy-Bust Operations: Consistent Police Testimony Upheld in Drug Conviction

The Supreme Court affirms drug convictions based on consistent police testimony in buy-bust operations, clarifying evidentiary standards under RA 9165.

Confessions to Media and Circumstantial Evidence in Robbery With Homicide Cases

Supreme Court ruling on when media confessions and circumstantial evidence suffice to convict in robbery with homicide cases.

Off-Line International Carriers Taxed at 32% on Philippine Income, SC Rules

SC clarifies off-line carriers selling tickets in PH pay 32% income tax, not 2.5% GPB rate; refund claim remanded.

Party Expulsions and Due Process: When Can a Political Party Remove Members

The Supreme Court clarifies that political party expulsions are internal matters, not subject to constitutional due process requirements.

Employer Liability for Employee Negligence: Proving Due Diligence in Philippine Law

When can an employer be held liable for an employee's negligence? The Supreme Court explains the due diligence defense in Philippine Hawk v. Lee.

Entrapment vs Instigation: Defining the Boundaries in Drug Sale Convictions

The Supreme Court clarifies the distinction between valid entrapment and unlawful instigation in drug cases, affirming a buy-bust conviction.

VAT Refund Denied for Failure to Print "Zero-Rated" on Invoices

Philippine Supreme Court rules that failure to print "zero-rated" on sales invoices bars VAT refund claims, even for exporters.

Piercing the Form: How Allegations Determine Parties in HLURB Disputes

The Supreme Court clarifies that allegations in a complaint, not its title, determine who are parties to an HLURB case.

Docket Fees and Estoppel in Lease Termination: Metrobank v. Perez

Supreme Court clarifies when late payment of docket fees is allowed and when a party is barred from raising jurisdiction.

Prior Physical Possession Prevails: Understanding Forcible Entry in Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies forcible entry rules: prior physical possession, not ownership, determines who stays on the property until lawful ejectment.

Challenging Election Results: Strict Rules for Pre-Proclamation Controversies in the Philippines

Learn the strict rules for pre-proclamation controversies in Philippine election law, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Saño v. COMELEC.

Priority of Land Titles: Tracing Back to Original Certificates of Title

When two Torrens titles cover the same land, the earlier one prevails. Tracing back to original certificates of title is key.