Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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Burden OF Proof IN Illegal Dismissal Cases Employers Responsibility TO Substantiate Just Cause
Constructive Dismissal Defining Workplace Harassment AND Employer Rights
Learn when workplace harassment becomes constructive dismissal and how employers can defend termination decisions under Philippine law.
Resignation vs Termination: When a Resignation Letter Is Not Enough in Philippine Labor Law
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a resignation is not voluntary and how employers must prove it to defeat illegal dismissal claims.
Abandonment of Post: Employers’ Rights and Seafarers’ Responsibilities Under Philippine Law
A seafarer who fails to rejoin his vessel after approved leave may be liable for abandonment, not illegal dismissal.
Breach of Trust and Due Process in Employment Termination: Striking a Balance
The Supreme Court clarifies when breach of trust justifies dismissal and when employers still owe procedural due process.
Philippine Airlines Retrenchment: Proving Financial Distress and Fair Implementation
The Supreme Court ruled PAL's 1998 mass retrenchment illegal for failure to prove losses and use fair criteria. Here's what employers must show.
Independent Contractor vs Employee: The Four-Fold Test in Philippine Labor Disputes
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the four-fold test distinguishing independent contractors from employers in labor disputes involving job contracting arrangements.
Project Employees' Rights: Illegal Dismissal and Monetary Claims in the Philippines
Project employees enjoy security of tenure too. Employers must prove valid dismissal and payment of wages, 13th month pay, and leave benefits.
Project Employees Still Enjoy Security of Tenure: Lessons from Saberola v. Suarez
Project employees have security of tenure too. Employers must prove just cause and observe due process before termination, or face liability.
Loss of Confidence as a Just Cause for Dismissal: When Can Employers Terminate Trusted Employees?
The Supreme Court clarifies when employers may validly dismiss managerial employees for loss of trust and confidence under Philippine labor law.
Proving Just Cause in Retrenchment and Redundancy: Lessons from AMA Computer College
Learn what employers must prove for valid retrenchment or redundancy dismissals, and why AMA Computer College's termination of two employees was ruled illegal.
Constructive Dismissal VS Loss OF Trust Clarifying Employers Rights IN Terminating A Managerial Employee
Union Security vs Due Process: Balancing Rights in Employee Dismissal
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when a union security clause justifies dismissal and what due process employers must observe.
HDMF Cannot Restrict Pag-IBIG Waiver Beyond What the Law Allows
Supreme Court rules HDMF cannot limit Pag-IBIG fund coverage waivers to distressed employers, as administrative rules cannot override the law.
Abandonment vs Constructive Dismissal: Protecting Employee Rights in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the fine line between abandonment and constructive dismissal, and what employers must prove to justify termination.
Cooperative Membership vs Employment: Defining SSS Coverage Obligations
Supreme Court rules cooperatives can be employers of their owner-members for SSS coverage purposes, clarifying when membership does not negate employment.
OFW Rights and the Employer's Burden of Proof in Illegal Dismissal Cases
Learn how Philippine courts protect overseas Filipino workers, and why employers carry the burden of proof in illegal dismissal cases.
Holiday Pay Divisor Method Prevails Over Literal CBA Interpretation
Supreme Court rules employers may prove holiday pay inclusion through salary computation methods, not just payroll line items.
Redundancy Dismissal: Fair Criteria and Due Notice Under Philippine Labor Law
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on redundancy dismissal: employers must prove fair criteria and give proper notice to DOLE and employees.
Reinstatement and Full Backwages for Illegal Dismissal: What Employers Must Prove in Redundancy Cases
The Supreme Court explains when redundancy dismissals are illegal and why reinstatement with full backwages is the remedy.
Duterte v. Kingswood: Burden of Proof in Disease-Based Dismissals
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that employers, not employees, must secure a health authority certification to validly terminate on disease grounds.
Upholding Employers' Rights: Just Cause and Due Process in Employee Dismissal
Supreme Court clarifies the twin requirements of just cause and due process in terminating employees, affirming dismissals for misconduct and insubordination.
Admissibility vs Probative Value in Illegal Dismissal Cases: Burden of Proof on Employers
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that admissible evidence may still lack probative value in illegal dismissal cases, reaffirming employer's burden of proof.
Fixed-Term Employment: Employers Cannot Terminate Before Contract Expiry Without Just Cause
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on fixed-term employment: employers cannot terminate workers before contract expiry without just cause, even with waiver clauses.