Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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Cargo Loss Liability: When Bad Weather Is Not a "Peril of the Sea"
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when bad weather excuses a common carrier from cargo loss, defining "storm" and "peril of the sea."
Burden of Proof in Cargo Claims: Insurers Must Prove Actual Damages to Recover Subrogated Claims
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when temperate damages apply in cargo loss claims when actual damages cannot be proven with certainty.
Private vs Common Carrier: Who Bears Cargo Loss Under Insurance Policies
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a carrier is private or common, and how "other insurance" clauses affect liability for lost cargo.
When Shipowner Negligence Sinks the Limited Liability Defense in Philippine Maritime Law
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when shipowners lose the limited liability rule due to actual negligence in cargo loss cases.
Extraordinary Diligence of Common Carriers: Liability for Cargo Loss in Fortuitous Events
When is a common carrier liable for lost cargo during a storm? The Supreme Court clarifies the rule on extraordinary diligence and fortuitous events.
Common Carrier Liability: Negligence and Fortuitous Events in Cargo Loss
When cargo is lost at sea, who pays? Philippine law on common carriers, negligence, and the act of God defense explained.
Carrier Negligence vs Fortuitous Events: Defining Insurance Liability in Cargo Loss
When a typhoon sinks a barge, who pays? The Supreme Court clarifies when a carrier's negligence defeats both the fortuitous-event defense and insurance recovery.
THE Ship Agents Liability Clarifying Responsibilities FOR Cargo Loss
Carrier's Improper Stowage Overrides Fortuitous Event Defense in Cargo Loss Case
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on carrier liability when improper stowage, not weather, causes cargo loss at sea.
Defining Common Carrier: Liability for Cargo Loss Due to Negligence
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies common carrier status and extraordinary diligence in cargo loss cases, citing Asia Lighterage case.
Common Carrier vs Private Carrier: Cargo Loss Liability in Philippine Shipping
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a shipping line is a common carrier and liable for cargo loss, rejecting "owner's risk" exemptions.
Common Carriers and Cargo Loss: Understanding Liability and Due Diligence in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies common carrier liability for cargo loss, extraordinary diligence, and contributory negligence in shipping disputes.