Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

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Jun 28, 2021 crossed checks negotiable instruments law sum of money civil litigation evidence supreme court

Crossed Checks as Proof of Debt: A Landmark Philippine Supreme Court Ruling

The Supreme Court ruled that crossed checks issued to a named payee are strong evidence of debt, reversing the Court of Appeals.

Jun 19, 2017 estafa civil liability criminal law banking negotiable instruments

Estafa and Civil Liability: When Acquittal Doesnt Guarantee Freedom From Civil Claims

Explore the distinction between criminal acquittal and civil liability in estafa cases, and how banks can be held accountable.